Mechanical performance experiments on rock and cement, casing residual stress evaluation in the thermal recovery well based on thermal-structure coupling

Chen, Yong; Xu, Peng; Yu, Haibin

doi:10.1177/0144598717705048

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The diameter of the bypass was 168 mm, and the delivery sequence was diesel oil pushing gasoline. When the volume fraction of gasoline in the dead-leg was less than 1%, we considered it to be completely replaced [32][33][34]. Figure 12 shows that the relationship between the length of the dead-leg and the time needed for the replacement of the dead-leg oil product can be described as: The gasoline was considered to be completely replaced by diesel oil when the volume percentage of gasoline in the dead-leg was less than 1% [30,31].…”

Section: The Effect Of the Dead-leg Length On Trailing Oilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation Mechanism of Trailing Oil in Product Oil Pipeline

Liu

Hong-jun

et al. 2018

Processes

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Trailing oil is the tail section of contamination in oil pipelines. It is generated in batch transportation, for which one fluid, such as diesel oil follows another fluid, such as gasoline, and it has an effect on the quality of oil. This paper describes our analysis of the formation mechanism of trailing oil in pipelines and our study of the influence of dead-legs on the formation of trailing oil. We found that the oil replacement rate in a dead-leg is exponentially related to the flow speed, and the length of the dead-leg is exponentially related to the replacement time of the oil. To reduce the amount of mixed oil, the main flow speed should be kept at about 1.6 m/s, and the length of the dead-leg should be less than five times the diameter of the main pipe. In our work, the Reynolds time-averaged method is used to simulate turbulence. To obtain contamination-related experimental data, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software is used to simulate different flow rates and bypass lengths. MATLAB software was used to perform multi-nonlinear regression for the oil substitution time, the length of the bypass, and the flow speed. We determined an equation for calculating the length of the trailing oil contamination produced by the dead-leg. A modified equation for calculating the length of the contamination was obtained by combining the existing equation for calculating the length of the contamination with new factors based on our work. The amounts of contamination predicted by the new equation is closer to the actual contamination amounts than predicted values from other methods suggested by previous scholars.

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Section: The Effect Of the Dead-leg Length On Trailing Oilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation Mechanism of Trailing Oil in Product Oil Pipeline

Liu

Hong-jun

et al. 2018

Processes

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“…A theoretical analysis has shown that an insertion of an l=2-long duct can eliminate sound waves with a frequency of an odd number of times l=2, and an insertion of a l=4-long duct can eliminate sound waves with a frequency an even number of times l=2. [33][34][35] There is a 180°phase difference between a sound wave transmitted forward and a sound wave reflected after encountering an interface; however, these two sound waves have the same amplitude. Therefore, these two sound waves have opposite phases and interfere with one another.…”

Section: Structural Design Of An Expansion-chamber Mufflermentioning

confidence: 99%

Noise-silencing technology for upright venting pipe jet noise

Liu

Peng

Yang

2018

Advances in Mechanical Engineering

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When a natural gas transmission and distribution station performs a planned or emergency venting operation, the jet noise produced by the natural gas venting pipe can have an intensity as high as 110 dB, thereby severely affecting the production and living environment. Jet noise produced by venting pipes is a type of aerodynamic noise. This study investigates the mechanism that produces the jet noise and the radiative characteristics of jet noise using a computational fluid dynamics method that combines large eddy simulation with the Ffowcs Williams-Hawkings acoustic analogy theory. The analysis results show that the sound pressure level of jet noise is relatively high, with a maximum level of 115 dB in the low-frequency range (0-1000 Hz), and the sound pressure level is approximately the average level in the frequency range of 1000-4000 Hz. In addition, the maximum and average sound pressure levels of the noise at the same monitoring point both slightly decrease, and the frequency of the occurrence of a maximum sound pressure level decreases as the Mach number at the outlet of the venting pipe increases. An increase in the flow rate can result in a shift from low-frequency to high-frequency noise. Subsequently, this study includes a design of an expansion-chamber muffler that reduces the jet noise produced by venting pipes and an analysis of its effectiveness in reducing noise. The results show that the expansion-chamber muffler designed in this study can effectively reduce jet noise by 10-40 dB and, thus, achieve effective noise prevention and control.

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“…The diameter of the bypass was 168mm, and the delivery sequence was diesel oil pushing gasoline. When the volume fraction of gasoline in the dead-leg is less than 1%, we considered it to be completely replaced [31][32][33]. Figure 13 shows that when the length of the dead-leg is larger than 5 times of the main pipe diameter, the time required for the forward batch to be replaced by the backward batch in the deadleg increases sharply, which indicates that the effect of turbulent diffusion is still relatively large for this length.…”

Section: The Effect Of the Dead-leg Length On Trailing Oilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on Formation Mechanism of Trailing Oil in Product Oil Pipeline

Liu¹,

Li²,

Cai³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Trailing oil is the tail section of contamination. There are two main reasons for the formation of trailing oil, one is the effect of laminar flow boundary layer, the other is the outflow of the preceding batch remained in the dead-legs. In the batch transportation of refined oil, under the action of viscous force, the preceding batch forms laminar boundary layer near the pipe wall and stays on the pipe wall, resulting in the phenomenon of contamination trailing and formation of trailing oil. When oil passes through the valve chamber of the oil transportation station, dead-leg will be formed. Due to gravity and convection diffusion, preceding batch flowing from dead-legs will form trailing oil in the pipeline. The phenomenon of trailing oil exists in the process of batch transportation, which will have an effect on the quality of oil. In this paper, Reynolds time-averaged method is used to simulate turbulence.Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD) software is used to simulate different flow rates and bypass lengths to obtain contamination-related experimental data.Matlab software is used to perform multi-nonlinear regression for the oil substitution time, the length of the bypass and the flow rate. The formula for calculating the length of the trailing oil produced by the dead-leg is obtained. The modified formula for calculating the length of the contamination is obtained by combining the existing formula for calculating the length of the contamination.

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Mechanical performance experiments on rock and cement, casing residual stress evaluation in the thermal recovery well based on thermal-structure coupling

Cited by 16 publications

References 7 publications

Formation Mechanism of Trailing Oil in Product Oil Pipeline

Formation Mechanism of Trailing Oil in Product Oil Pipeline

Noise-silencing technology for upright venting pipe jet noise

Research on Formation Mechanism of Trailing Oil in Product Oil Pipeline

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