Mechanical models of fracture reactivation and slip on bedding surfaces during folding of the asymmetric anticline at Sheep Mountain, Wyoming

Sanz, Pablo; Pollard, David D.; Allwardt, Patricia F.; Borja, Ronaldo I.

doi:10.1016/j.jsg.2008.06.002

Cited by 65 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Flexural slip between sedimentary layers accommodates the strain during multi-layer folding and it has been shown that the presence or absence of interlayer slip strongly controls the distribution and evolution of strain within folded strata (Smart et al, 2009) and thus has a significant impact on fracture reactivation (Sanz et al, 2008;Smart et al, 2009). The coefficient of friction between bedding planes effectively describes the coupling between different layers, whereby a low coefficient of friction represents a weak coupling and a high competence contrast between adjacent layers is produced (Twiss and Moores, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Modeling of Geomechanical Processes Related to CO{sub 2} Injection within Generic Reservoirs

Eckert¹

2013

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Modeling of Geomechanical Processes Related to CO{sub 2} Injection within Generic Reservoirs

Eckert¹

2013

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“…Exhaustive research have been made extensively in the Rocky Mountains (e.g., Erslev et al, 2004, Sanz et al, 2008Amrouch et al, 2010) and in other regions worldwide (e.g., Knipe, 1990;Wibberley, 1997) about the linkage between the kinematics of basement-cored compressive structures and the behavior of such basement rocks during deformation, considering fracture patterns, minor faults and microstructures. Despite of its importance, kinematic analysis taking into consideration minor faulting and fractures in structures produced during the Cenozoic compression along the Argentinean Andes are notably scarce (Zapata et al, 2001;García FIG.…”

Section: Analysis Of Fracture Setsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cenozoic structural evolution of the Argentinean Andes at 34º40’S: A close relationship between thick and thin-skinned deformation

Turienzo

Dimieri

Frisicale

et al. 2012

andgeo

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ABSTRACT. In the Argentinean side of the Andes at 34°40'S, the Cenozoic Andean orogeny produced the thick-skinned Malargüe fold-and-thrust belt and the easternmost basement uplift of the Cordillera Frontal. Integrating balanced structural cross-sections with previous studies of Cenozoic synorogenic rocks and 40 Ar/ 39 Ar ages of coeval volcanic and subvolcanic rocks, we propose a Miocene to Quaternary sequential structural evolution of this sector of the Andes. Andean deformation in the study area begun around 14.5 Ma with the growth of thick-skinned structures at the western region, formed by large basement wedges that propagated along detachment horizons within the cover generating thin-skinned structures. The development of these genetically linked thick and thin-skinned structures finished with the insertion of a third basement wedge and its associated deformation in cover rocks along the Sosneado thrust, before the extrusion of 10.8 Ma volcanic rocks. These structures imply ~10 km of shortening, representing an important Middle Miocene compressive period (2.7 mm/a). Systems of fractures measured in basement, cover and subvolcanic rocks indicate an E-W direction of compression. A supercritical Coulomb wedge attained after the Middle Miocene deformation, was responsible of new basement-involved faulting into the foreland, the west-dipping Carrizalito thrust. The absence of efficient detachment levels in the cover rocks of the eastern region difficulted the development of large basement wedges and instead important backthrusting occurred in the hangingwall of the Carrizalito thrust. Widespread subvolcanic rocks (10.5 to 5.5 Ma) exposed in this region suggest a close relationship between magmatism and antithetic faulting. With continuing compression, the Carrizalito thrust breaks through to the surface thrusting pre-Jurassic and Mesozoic sequences over Cenozoic rocks although in the southern region it remains as a blind thrust. This different configuration along the strike of the Carrizalito thrust is due to an ENE trending oblique fault. Thick-skinned structures in the eastern sector, that involve ~4 km of shortening, were covered discordantly by horizontal basalts of ~0. RESUMEN. Evolución estructural Cenozoica de los AndesArgentinos a los 34°40'S: una estrecha relación entre deformación de piel fina y piel gruesa. En los Andes Argentinos a los 34°40'S, la orogenia Andina produjo durante el Cenozoico la faja corrida y plegada de Malargüe, de piel gruesa, y hacia el este el levantamiento del basamento en la Cordillera Frontal. Integrando secciones estructurales balanceadas con estudios previos de rocas sinorogénicas terciarias y edades 40 Ar/ 39 Ar de rocas volcánicas y subvolcánicas contemporáneas, proponemos una evolución estructural secuencial desde el Mioceno al Cuaternario para este sector de los Andes. La deformación andina en el área de estudio comenzó alrededor de los 14,5 Ma con el desarrollo de estructuras de piel gruesa en la región occidental, formadas por grandes cuñas de basamento que se pro...

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“…[7] Abundant outcrops at SMA have motivated numerous structural studies focusing on fault-related folding [Forster et al, 1996;Hennier and Spang, 1983;Sanz et al, 2007;Savage and Cooke, 2004;Stanton and Erslev, 2004] and fold-related fracturing [Allwardt et al, 2007;Bellahsen et al, 2006aBellahsen et al, , 2006bHarris et al, 1960;Johnson et al, 1965;Sanz et al, 2008;Savage et al, 2010]. SMA is a northwest-southeast trending, doubly plunging, asymmetric, basement-cored fold (Figures 1 and 2).…”

Section: Geologic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fold geometry at Sheep Mountain anticline, Wyoming, constructed using airborne laser swath mapping data, outcrop‐scale geologic mapping, and numerical interpolation

Lovely¹,

Zahasky²,

Pollard³

2010

J. Geophys. Res.

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[1] Constraints available at the Earth's surface on the geometry of geologic folds often are discontinuous, consisting of scattered bedding surface outcrops representing the position and orientation of different stratigraphic surfaces. For this reason, characterization of fold geometry from surface data, by methods such as sequential balanced cross sections, remains a subjective and interpretive process. We present a new method for modeling the geometry of kilometer-scale folds using dense, precise topographic data available from airborne laser swath mapping (ALSM), outcrop-scale geologic mapping, and a reproducible numerical interpolation method that is free of subjectivity. Geologic mapping at Sheep Mountain anticline, Wyoming, enables the association of hundreds of thousands of ALSM data points with 14 weathering-resistant bedding surfaces from seven different stratigraphic units ranging in age from Mississippian to Cretaceous. These data, supplemented by several hundred strike and dip measurements constraining local orientation of folded strata, are projected to the stratigraphic position of a single surface and used as constraint for a smoothed minimum curvature spline interpolation to generate a continuous representation of fold geometry. Both strengths and weaknesses of the new method are discussed in the context of comparison between the new surface model and an existing model constructed by traditional methods.Citation: Lovely, P., C. Zahasky, and D. D. Pollard (2010), Fold geometry at Sheep Mountain anticline, Wyoming, constructed using airborne laser swath mapping data, outcrop-scale geologic mapping, and numerical interpolation,

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Mechanical models of fracture reactivation and slip on bedding surfaces during folding of the asymmetric anticline at Sheep Mountain, Wyoming

Cited by 65 publications

References 48 publications

Numerical Modeling of Geomechanical Processes Related to CO{sub 2} Injection within Generic Reservoirs

Numerical Modeling of Geomechanical Processes Related to CO{sub 2} Injection within Generic Reservoirs

Cenozoic structural evolution of the Argentinean Andes at 34º40’S: A close relationship between thick and thin-skinned deformation

Fold geometry at Sheep Mountain anticline, Wyoming, constructed using airborne laser swath mapping data, outcrop‐scale geologic mapping, and numerical interpolation

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