Mechanical guidance of cell migration: lessons from chemotaxis

Roca‐Cusachs, Pere; Sunyer, Raimon; Trepat, Xavier

doi:10.1016/j.ceb.2013.04.010

Cited by 146 publications

(136 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…In addition, cells seem able to measure the force required to obtain a given substrate deformation (Ghassemi et al, 2012;Ghibaudo et al, 2008) and compute differences in intercellular tension among neighbours (Tambe et al, 2011;Weber et al, 2012). Once force sensing and polarity is established, mechanisms similar to those used during chemotaxis appear to operate to reinforce polarity and direct cell migration (Roca-Cusachs et al, 2013).…”

Section: Mechanical Guidance Of Cell Locomotionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell migration: from tissue culture to embryos

2014

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Cell migration is a fundamental process that occurs during embryo development. Classic studies using in vitro culture systems have been instrumental in dissecting the principles of cell motility and highlighting how cells make use of topographical features of the substrate, cell-cell contacts, and chemical and physical environmental signals to direct their locomotion. Here, we review the guidance principles of in vitro cell locomotion and examine how they control directed cell migration in vivo during development. We focus on developmental examples in which individual guidance mechanisms have been clearly dissected, and for which the interactions among guidance cues have been explored. We also discuss how the migratory behaviours elicited by guidance mechanisms generate the stereotypical patterns of migration that shape tissues in the developing embryo.

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Section: Mechanical Guidance Of Cell Locomotionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell migration: from tissue culture to embryos

2014

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“…The response to a stiff substrate is the reorganization of cell adhesion accompanied by force generation and cell spreading, which precedes directional motility. This has been demonstrated for stem cells, cancer cells, neutrophils and platelets (Roca-Cusachs et al, 2013b). Thus, durotaxis is a generic cellular response that is relevant for migration in 2D and, most probably, in 3D environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell-stiffness-induced mechanosignaling – a key driver of leukocyte transendothelial migration

Schaefer

Hordijk

2015

Journal of Cell Science

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The breaching of cellular and structural barriers by migrating cells is a driving factor in development, inflammation and tumor cell metastasis. One of the most extensively studied examples is the extravasation of activated leukocytes across the vascular endothelium, the inner lining of blood vessels. Each step of this leukocyte transendothelial migration (TEM) process is regulated by distinct endothelial adhesion receptors such as the intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1). Adherent leukocytes exert force on these receptors, which sense mechanical cues and transform them into localized mechanosignaling in endothelial cells. In turn, the function of the mechanoreceptors is controlled by the stiffness of the endothelial cells and of the underlying substrate representing a positive-feedback loop. In this Commentary, we focus on the mechanotransduction in leukocytes and endothelial cells, which is induced in response to variations in substrate stiffness. Recent studies have described the first key proteins involved in these mechanosensitive events, allowing us to identify common regulatory mechanisms in both cell types. Finally, we discuss how endothelial cell stiffness controls the individual steps in the leukocyte TEM process. We identify endothelial cell stiffness as an important component, in addition to locally presented chemokines and adhesion receptors, which guides leukocytes to sites that permit TEM.

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“…1 This process is called mechanotransduction, and the responsible structures sensitive to mechanical forces are most probably cytoskeleton elements. 2 A number of studies have demonstrated that cells are sensitive to several kinds of physical cues (shear stress, topography, mechanical deformation, etc), influencing cell migration, 3 differentiation, 4 and proliferation. 5 Among these stimuli, gravity is required for the correct development of land-based organisms, and in particular for the skeleton and for the muscle and nervous systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barium titanate nanoparticles and hypergravity stimulation improve differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts

Rocca¹,

Marino²,

Rocca³

et al. 2015

IJN

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Background Enhancement of the osteogenic potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is highly desirable in the field of bone regeneration. This paper proposes a new approach for the improvement of osteogenesis combining hypergravity with osteoinductive nanoparticles (NPs). Materials and methods In this study, we aimed to investigate the combined effects of hypergravity and barium titanate NPs (BTNPs) on the osteogenic differentiation of rat MSCs, and the hypergravity effects on NP internalization. To obtain the hypergravity condition, we used a large-diameter centrifuge in the presence of a BTNP-doped culture medium. We analyzed cell morphology and NP internalization with immunofluorescent staining and coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering, respectively. Moreover, cell differentiation was evaluated both at the gene level with quantitative real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and at the protein level with Western blotting. Results Following a 20 g treatment, we found alterations in cytoskeleton conformation, cellular shape and morphology, as well as a significant increment of expression of osteoblastic markers both at the gene and protein levels, jointly pointing to a substantial increment of NP uptake. Taken together, our findings suggest a synergistic effect of hypergravity and BTNPs in the enhancement of the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. Conclusion The obtained results could become useful in the design of new approaches in bone-tissue engineering, as well as for in vitro drug-delivery strategies where an increment of nanocarrier internalization could result in a higher drug uptake by cell and/or tissue constructs.

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Mechanical guidance of cell migration: lessons from chemotaxis

Cited by 146 publications

References 59 publications

Cell migration: from tissue culture to embryos

Cell migration: from tissue culture to embryos

Cell-stiffness-induced mechanosignaling – a key driver of leukocyte transendothelial migration

Barium titanate nanoparticles and hypergravity stimulation improve differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts

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