“…The unique structural characteristics account for the inherent biocompatibility, superior colloidal dispersibility, and stable fluorescence of NDs, in addition to their primitive diamond-like properties, such as extreme hardness, abrasive nature, superior thermal conductivity, and high electrical and chemical resistance. After the discovery of the first synthetic artificial method, NDs have become a topic of intense research owing to their special applications compared to other contemporary nanomaterials. − NDs are used as coating agents for metal surfaces, additives for lubricant oils, nanofillers for wear-resistant polymers, grain refining agents in alloy formation, and so forth. More recently, NDs have been established as attractive candidates for biological and medical applications, notably for therapy, drug delivery, biomedical imaging, and bio-sensing .…”