Mechanical Coupling of the Endothelial Cytoskeleton and Nucleus with VEGF Stimulation

Spagnol, Stephen T.; Weltz, James S.; Xue, Yong; Dahl, Kris Noel

doi:10.1007/s12195-014-0327-x

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 28 publications

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“…15 This change in VEGF-stimulated chromatin condensation is associated with altered actin-mediated cell contractility within the cell 88 as well as increased actin-nuclear coupling. 99 Direct visualization of nuclear deformation and increased cytoskeleton-driven chromatin agitation in the presence of VEGF 99 also suggest that cytoskeletal forces impact chromatin structure. Generally, forces within the cell have been shown to cause chromatin remodeling.…”

Section: Mechanotransduction and Mechanical Modulation Of Gene Expresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanobiology of Chromatin and the Nuclear Interior

2016

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The view of the cell nucleus has evolved from an isolated, static organelle to a dynamic structure integrated with other mechanical elements of the cell. Both dynamics and integration appear to contribute to a mechanical regulation of genome expression. Here, we review physical structures inside the nucleus at different length scales and the dynamic reorganization modulated by cellular forces. First, we discuss nuclear organization focusing on self-assembly and disassembly of DNA structures and various nuclear bodies. We then discuss the importance of connections from the chromatin fiber through the nuclear envelope to the rest of the cell as they relate to mechanobiology. Finally, we discuss how cell stimulation, both chemical and physical, can alter nuclear structures and ultimately cellular function in healthy cells and in some model diseases. The view of chromatin and nuclear bodies as mechanical entities integrated with force generation from the cytoskeleton combines polymer physics with cell biology and medicine.

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Section: Mechanotransduction and Mechanical Modulation Of Gene Expresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanobiology of Chromatin and the Nuclear Interior

2016

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Image-based discrimination of the early stages of mesenchymal stem cell differentiation

Hoffman,

Zheng,

Zhang

et al. 2024

MBoC

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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are self-renewing, multipotent cells, which can be used in cellular and tissue therapeutics. MSCs cell number can be expanded in vitro, but premature differentiation results in reduced cell number and compromised therapeutic efficacies. Current techniques fail to discriminate the “stem-like” population from early stages (12 hours) of differentiated MSC population. Here, we imaged nuclear structure and actin architecture using immunofluorescence and used deep learning-based computer vision technology to discriminate the early stages (6-12 hours) of MSC differentiation. Convolutional neural network (CNN) models trained by nucleus and actin images have high accuracy in reporting MSC differentiation; nuclear images alone can identify early stages of differentiation. Concurrently, we show that chromatin fluidity and heterochromatin levels or localization change during early MSC differentiation. This study quantifies changes in cell architecture during early MSC differentiation and describes a novel image-based diagnostic tool that could be widely used in MSC culture, expansion and utilization.

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Mechanical Coupling of the Endothelial Cytoskeleton and Nucleus with VEGF Stimulation

Cited by 2 publications

References 28 publications

Mechanobiology of Chromatin and the Nuclear Interior

Mechanobiology of Chromatin and the Nuclear Interior

Image-based discrimination of the early stages of mesenchymal stem cell differentiation

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