Mechanical characterization of notched high density polyethylene (HDPE) pipe: Testing and prediction

Zheng, Xiaotao; Zhang, Xiaohai; Ma, Linwei; Wang, Wei; Yu, Jiuyang

doi:10.1016/j.ijpvp.2019.04.016

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Sci. 2020, 10, x FOR PEER REVIEW 3 of 22 studies in this field [17][18][19]. Using the pipe mechanical properties and characteristics, type of fill material, fill placement, the results and applying modified Iowa approaches results in the displacements and stress field in the pipe [20].…”

Section: Diagram Of a Water Supply Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study on the Mechanical Responses of Plastic Pipes Made of High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) in Water Supply Network

et al. 2020

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Featured Application: The research results have direct practical applicability. The research topic was generated by designing the water supply network of the city with 300,000 inhabitants. The results obtained and the proposed solutions can be applied to similar water supply networks, the practical importance being significant if we consider that all the cities that are found in the modern world possesses water supply networks.Abstract: This paper studies the mechanical behavior of high-density polyethylene (HDPE), from which the pipes used for water transport in water supply networks are manufactured. The study was generated by the practical problem of replacing and modernizing a water network of a city with 300,000 inhabitants. Of the numerous problems that have arisen and been solved by the group of researchers, only those referring to the mechanical behavior of the materials used for pipes are presented. HDPE, which is a thermoplastic material, is suitable for manufacturing the pipes used in water supply networks, having many advantages. Data on the mechanical properties of the material of which the pipe and elbow are made is obtained experimentally. The work involved the main steps required to design a water network, but the subject is not exhausted. The stresses in the polyethylene pipe are determined in two cases: buried in the ground and supported in a concrete massif. Thus, by calculation, the advantage offered by the second solution is justified. The crack of the pipes manufactured from HDPE is studied, taking into account the classical model used in the cracking process. A simulation of pipes and elbows cracking was made. The results obtained via MEF are useful for the users of the networks.The pipe, as the main element of a supply network strictly necessary for the transport of water, was made, for more than two millennia, out of traditional materials that were common at the time in those communities where they were used (stone, ceramics, wood, metals, non-metals, etc.). Constructive variants of pipes, of different shapes and sizes and made of different materials, have been used by many and various civilizations that have followed one another throughout history, and countless artifacts can illustrate this development.Water supply networks experienced great development, especially in the second half of the twentieth century when science and technology allowed for the emergence and production of plastics, which became the main materials of the pipes used in water supply networks. The most suitable and current plastic material used to produce the pipes needed for water transport in modern water-supply networks has been proven to be HDPE. The pipes and fittings obtained are characterized by a long service life, low maintenance costs, and their remarkable special strength and low weight. The HDPE pipes have many advantages in comparison to the classic ones used so far. Listing some of them ([2,3]): they allow a long service life; they do not need cathodic protection systems; there is no need for additional...

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Section: Diagram Of a Water Supply Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The value of the limit load, creep, low cycle or high cycle must be known. Some papers make theoretical and experimental studies in this field [17][18][19]. Using the pipe mechanical properties and characteristics, type of fill material, fill placement, the results…”

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confidence: 99%

Study on the Mechanical Responses of Plastic Pipes Made of High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) in Water Supply Network

et al. 2020

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“…Fischer et al [20] performed fatigue experiment on cracked round bar using linear-torsion electro-dynamic test machine. Longitudinal grooves with different depths and shapes were used in [21] for fatigue experiments.…”

Section: Details Of Tubular Specimensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic crack propagation in specimens with a surface irregularity

et al. 2020

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Initiation of cracks and their propagation in prescribed orientations on tubular specimens has been made possible on a dynamic fatigue testing rig developed at the University of Aberdeen. This rig was originally designed to perform experiments on single edge notched beams (SENB) [1,2]. Modifications have recently been made so as to accommodate experimental tests on tubular specimens with a range of sizes and other cross sections. Crack initiation at grooves on such specimens has been followed by crack growth. At the same time, lateral oscillations of cracked specimen have been measured, as well as accelerations of base excitation, masses above and below cracked specimen. Forces on these two masses have been observed by two load cells attached at positions close to specimen. These load cells facilitated the measurement of stresses in experiment. Crack length time histories have also been constructed by applying an alternating current potential difference (ACPD) method. Fatigue cracks were initiated at the pre-cut grooves in aluminium tubular specimens. Three specimens with different groove sizes were tested in fifteen individual experiments. A three-dimensional Finite Element model was established for each specimen so as to calculate the stress concentration factor (SCF). This formed the basis of determining the amplitude of forcing input made possible by an electromechanical shaker. The phase shifts of acquired time histories has provided some indication of energy transfer mechanism during fatigue and system dynamic response. Observations of cracked specimen displacement during experiments was compared against calculated displacement from elastic theory. Nonlinear responses were observed, suggesting nonlinear stiffness characteristics of the specimen due to discontinuities introduced by crack growth and plasticity effects. Comparison of damage combinations in experimental observation was made with predictions from BS EN 1999-1-3. All experimental observations of total damage combination were higher than predicted values by the latter code.

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“…A typical representative of commodity polymers is high-density polyethylene (HDPE), which excels with its good wear resistance, high fracture toughness, chemical stability, corrosion resistance, light weight, etc. [1][2][3][4]. The biggest disadvantage of HDPE is its relatively low temperature stability, which makes it impossible to apply this material where there may be a risk of the temperature rising above the tolerable limit.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Temperature Ageing on Injection Molded High-Density Polyethylene Parts Modified by Accelerated Electrons

2022

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The temperature ageing of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) modified by accelerated electrons was studied. Commodity plastic HDPE was used as a basic polymer material which was modified by radiation cross-linking. This polymer was used because of its excellent processability and chemical resistance. Plastic injection molding technology was used for the production of test specimens. These specimens were modified with the dose of radiation 33, 66, 99, 132, 165, and 198 kGy. The prepared specimens were tested to determine: gel content, degree of swelling, temperature stability, and changes in mechanical properties after temperature ageing. The results were determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis on the fracture surfaces. The results of this study confirm that modification of HDPE by radiation cross-linking has a significant effect on increasing temperature stability. It has been shown that HDPE modified by radiation cross-linking can withstand temperatures exceeding the melting point of the original HDPE for a short-term.

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Mechanical characterization of notched high density polyethylene (HDPE) pipe: Testing and prediction

Cited by 15 publications

References 39 publications

Study on the Mechanical Responses of Plastic Pipes Made of High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) in Water Supply Network

Study on the Mechanical Responses of Plastic Pipes Made of High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) in Water Supply Network

Dynamic crack propagation in specimens with a surface irregularity

Effect of Temperature Ageing on Injection Molded High-Density Polyethylene Parts Modified by Accelerated Electrons

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