Mechanical characterization of HDPE reinforced with cellulose from rice husk biomass

Abstract

High-density polyethylene (HDPE) reinforced with cellulose from rice husk (RH) were prepared and studied. The RH biomass was submitted to acid extraction and bleaching process and then analyzed for its cellulose extraction efficiency by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). After that, the RH cellulose (RHC) was incorpored to the HDPE matrix by melt blending with different filler contents (5, 10 and 15 wt%), and then characterized in terms of mechanical properties and morphology. The RHC incorporation in the HDPE matrix resulted in an increase in elastic modulus regardless the filler content added; also, the impact resistance was maintained for RHC contents up to 10%. The morphological analysis of the composites showed that the cellulose was well dispersed in the matrix, which contributed to the improvement of the final rigidity of these materials, indicating the feasibility of incorporating this residue in the production of HDPE composites.

Eco‐friendly polymer composites: A review of suitable methods for waste management

“…Bosenbecker and co‐workers [ 221 ] have obtained cellulose from rice husk and incorporated it in high‐density polyethylene (HDPE). The mixture process of the thermoplastic polymer by extrusion allowed it to be pelletized in composites that are used as raw material for HDPE application.…”

“…[220] A great variety of cellulose has been synthesized from most different agricultural and forest residues due to the high cellulose content. Cellulose from rice husk, [221] coconut peduncle, [215] wood waste, [214] sugarcane bagasse, [216] waste cotton fibers, [217] has been used as filler in polymer composites that allow mechanical reinforcement in most of the cases. Cellulose synthesized from crop residues has shown efficiency in the removal of heavy metals [222] and dyes.…”

“…Bosenbecker and co-workers [221] have obtained cellulose from rice husk and incorporated it in high-density polyethylene (HDPE). The mixture process of the thermoplastic polymer by extrusion allowed it to be pelletized in composites that are used as raw material for HDPE T A B L E 1 Reinforced polymer composites using natural fibers from industrial/agriculture wastes Reference Source Polymer matrix Key findings…”

From Waste to Reuse: Manufacture of Ecological Composites Based on Biopolyethylene/wood Powder with PE-g-MA and Macaíba Oil

“…For this reason, the development of composites with BioPE polymeric matrix is of great importance, due to the potential for technological application and the reduction of environmental impacts [18]. There are works in the literature on polyethylene composites reinforced with jute [19,20], curauá [21], sisal [22,23], coconut ber [24,25], cotton [26], rice husk [27] and wood powder [28,29], suggesting good mechanical properties.…”

Biopolyethylene/Morinda citrifolia cellulosic biocomposites: The impact of chemical crosslinking and PE‐g‐MA compatibilizer

“…There are several works in the scientific literature on biocomposites with polyethylene matrix reinforced with natural fillers, such as linen, [ 22 ] spruce, [ 23 ] wood flour, [ 24 ] rice husk flour, [ 24,25 ] pine, [ 26 ] coconut, [ 27 ] agave, [ 27 ] corn fiber, [ 28 ] banana fiber, [ 29 ] grape fiber, [ 30 ] corn cob, [ 31 ] jute fiber, [ 32 ] sugarcane bagasse, [ 33 ] apricot husk, [ 34 ] wheat bran, [ 35 ] thyme, [ 36 ] and walnut husk. [ 37 ] However, the specialized literature has not mentioned the development of biopolyethylene biocomposites with Morinda citrifolia , commonly known as “noni”.…”