Mechanical Characterization of Femoral Interlocking Intramedullary Nailing Systems

The intramedullary skeletal kinetic distractor (ISKD): first clinical results of a new intramedullary nail for lengthening of the femur and tibia

“…The torsion values of 35 and 45 Nm required for torsional failure of the ISKD are within the range of values obtained by other researchers for conventional 11mm diameter intramedullary nails which ranged from 15 to 147 Nm [21,22] The torsional rigidity of the ISKD indicated by the slope of the torque versus displacement curves is 1.3 Nm/degree. This is also within the range of the reported torsional rigidity values obtained by others for 11 mm diameter intramedullary nails, which ranged from 1.1 to 4 Nm/degree [26,27].…”

“…The bending strength of the ISKD when it is expanded 25 mm (25%) is similar to that of the 13 mm cannulated 316LVM nails. The bending strength values for Table 2 Bending strength of the ISKD compared with a 9.5 mm titanium alloy bar and other intermedullary rods [24,26] the ISKD when it is expanded to maximum length, (100 mm) is similar to those observed for 8.0 mm solid Ti6Al4V ELI commercially available tibial nail and 10 mm slotted 316LVM intramedullary nails [24,26].…”

“…The bending rigidity of the ISKD at the different expanded lengths is compared with the bending rigidity of solid rods tested in this study as well as slotted and cannulated 316LVM rods tested by Russell et al [26] in Table 3. Bending rigidity is an indication of an implant's inherent flexibility.…”

Ulnar Interlocking Intramedullary Nail Stabilization of a Proximal Radio-Ulnar Fracture in a Dog

“…Anatomic alignment and correct length take precedence over fragment rebuilding using this biological approach 2–8 . Interlocking nails (ILN) can be used in a biological fashion and are particularly useful when there is a high degree of communition 9–11 . Studies in people and dogs have revealed that ILN provides adequate stability in axial compression as well as counteracting rotation and bending forces, while allowing early weight bearing and joint mobility 10,12,13 .…”

An In Vitro Biomechanical Investigation of an MP35N Intramedullary Interlocking Nail System for Repair of Third Metacarpal Fractures in Adult Horses

“…IIN systems must have sufficient strength and rigidity in axial compression, multiple‐plane bending, and torsion to provide a stable mechanical environment at the fracture site and enhance healing potential 18–22 . Many factors including material type of the IIN system, diameter of the nail and interlocking screws, nail length, nail structure (tubular, slotted, or solid), number and distance of interlocking screws above and below the fracture, interlocking screw length from the endosteal surface of the outer cortex to the nail, and the amount of nail to bone contact in the proximal and distal bone segments have been shown to influence the overall strength and rigidity of an IIN system 7,18–24 …”