Mechanical changes in macro-porous calcium phosphate ceramics after implantation in bone

Trécant, Marylène; Delécrin, J.; Royer, Jean; Goyenvalle, Eric; Daculsi, G.

doi:10.1016/0267-6605(94)90051-5

Cited by 50 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…This bioactivity is related to its structure, which has both microand macroporosity. 4,37,[41][42] The micropores with a diameter of less than 10 m allow fluid circulation, leading to the dissolution and degradation of the biomaterial. The macropores with a diameter of about 100 m act as a scaffold for bone cells, thus allowing centripetal bone ingrowth (from the periphery to the center of the implant).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During this period, the ceramic degraded by a disso- lution-precipitation process, as previously demonstrated by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM). 21,37,41,45 The dissolution and reprecipitation of biological apatite occurs inside the micropores of the MBCP ceramic. The first cells to arrive-macrophages-are rapidly replaced by osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which produce and remodel bone in the ceramic implant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Small‐animal models for testing macroporous ceramic bone substitutes

et al. 2004

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The aim of this study was to compare the bone colonization of a macroporous biphasic calcium phosphate (MBCP) ceramic in different sites (femur, tibia, and calvaria) in two animal species (rats and rabbits). A critical size defect model was used in all cases with implantation for 21 days. Bone colonization in the empty and MBCP-filled defects was measured with the use of backscattered electron microscopy (BSEM). In the empty cavities, bone healing remained on the edges, and did not bridge the critical size defects. Bone growth was observed in all the implantation sites in rats (approx. 13.6 -36.6% of the total defect area, with ceramic ranging from 46.1 to 51.9%). The bone colonization appeared statistically higher in the femur of rabbits (48.5%) than in the tibia (12.6%) and calvaria (22.9%) sites. This slightly higher degree of bone healing was related to differences in the bone architecture of the implantation sites. Concerning the comparison between animal species, bone colonization appeared greater in rabbits than in rats for the femoral site (48.5% vs. 29.6%). For the other two sites (the tibia and calvaria), there was no statistically significant difference. The increased bone ingrowth observed in rabbit femurs might be due to the large bone surface area in contact with the MBCP ceramics. The femoral epiphysis of rabbits is therefore a favorable model for testing the bone-bonding capacity of materials, but a comparison with other implantation sites is subject to bias. This study shows that well-conducted and fully validated models with the use of small animals are essential in the development of new bone substitutes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small‐animal models for testing macroporous ceramic bone substitutes

et al. 2004

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“…9,10 Although faster ingrowth is favored by a more porous, interconnected structure, denser ceramics have better mechanical integrity. Biomechanical testing of retrieved implants has shown that newly integrated bone has a significant reinforcing effect on porous ceramic bone graft substitute materials, 20,21 and testing of longer term implants has generally shown retention of this conferred mechanical integrity. 9,12,13,22 Thus, for clinical application, a ceramic bone graft substitute should have sufficient mechanical integrity to survive the implantation procedure and attain positional stability while maintaining its open porous structure before integration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mediation of bone ingrowth in porous hydroxyapatite bone graft substitutes

Hing

Best

Tanner

et al. 2003

J Biomedical Materials Res

192

137

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Abstract:Previous investigations have shown that both the early biological response and the mechanical properties of a porous hydroxyapatite bone graft substitute are highly sensitive to its pore structure. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether the pore structure continued to influence bone integration in the medium to long term. Two screened batches of porous hydroxyapatite (PHA) designated as batch A and batch B, with porosities of ϳ60 and 80%, respectively, were selected for this study and implanted for periods of 5, 13, and 26 weeks into the lower femur of New Zealand White rabbits. Histomorphometric analysis of the absolute volume of bone ingrowth within batch A and B implants from 5 to 26 weeks showed that the absolute volume of bone ingrowth was consistently lower in batch A (10 -21%), compared to batch B implants (24 -31%). However, when the volume of bone ingrowth was normalised for the available pore space, this difference was reduced (23-47% and 32-42% for batches A and B, respectively). These observations suggest that differences in the volume of bone ingrowth initially depended on pore interconnectivity rather than pore size, whereas the volume or morphology of the PHA influenced the volume and morphology of bone ingrowth at later time points. Compression testing showed that bone ingrowth had a strong reinforcing effect on PHA bone graft substitutes, and a strong correlation was identified between mechanical properties and the absolute volume of ingrowth for both batches A and B. Furthermore, at 13 and 26 weeks, there was no significant variation in the ultimate compressive strength of integrated batch A and B implants. This similarity in ultimate mechanical properties indicated that the absolute volume of ingrowth may be mediated by the PHA structure through its impact on the dynamics of the local biomechanical environment. The results of push-out testing showed that fixation of PHA bone graft substitutes was independent of density within the range studied, with no significant difference in the interfacial shear stress between batches A and B at each time point throughout the study.

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“…Implantation in weightbearing zones does not appear to be a problem, providing that the area is sufficiently reinforced with internal fixation. It is interesting to note that Trécant et al [39] using a biphasic ceramic found that, following implantation, there was a significant increase in the compressive strength of the "composite" formed by the transformed ceramic and the newly formed bone. Bouler et al [3] found the mechanical strength of biphasic ceramics to be affected by macroporosity (which decreases the compressive strength) and the sintering temperature (which increases the compressive strength).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beta-tricalcium phosphate ceramic as a bone substitute in orthopaedic surgery

Galois¹,

Mainard²,

Jp³

2002

International Orthopaedics

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Synthetic beta-tricalcium phosphate ceramic (Biosorb, S.B.M., Lourdes, France) was used as a bone substitute in 110 patients whose mean age was 48 (14-83) years. There was a wide spectrum of indications, and the material was used alone in 86, combined with a corticocancellous bone autograft in 22, and combined with a corticocancellous allograft in two. The patients were assessed clinically and radiographically. Incorporation of the ceramic was excellent in 30, good in 51, and fair in 26. There were no poor results. In three patients the implanted material was removed because of infection. Incorporation was good or excellent in about 75% of all 110 patients. We consider beta-tricalcium phosphate ceramic to be the substitute of choice for mediumsized bone defects.Résumé Nous avons utilisé du phosphate tricalcique de synthèse (Biosorb, S.B.M., Lourdes, France) comme remplaçant de l'os chez 110 malades. Leur âge moyen était 47,5 (14-83) années. Les indications ont couvert un spectre large. Le substitut a été utilisé seul dans 86 cas, combiné avec une autogreffe osseuse dans 22 cas et avec une allogreffe dans 2 cas. Les malades ont été évalués d'une manière clinique et radiographique L'incorporation a été décrite comme excellente dans 30 cas, bonne dans 51 et médiocre dans 26 cas. Il n'y avait pas d'échecs. Trois fois les implants ont été enlevés à cause d'une infection. Dans l'ensemble, l'incorporation était bonne ou excellente pour 3/4 des malades de la série. Nous considérons le phosphate tricalcique comme un sustitut de choix pour les pertes de substance osseuse de taille moyenne.

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Mechanical changes in macro-porous calcium phosphate ceramics after implantation in bone

Cited by 50 publications

References 29 publications

Small‐animal models for testing macroporous ceramic bone substitutes

Small‐animal models for testing macroporous ceramic bone substitutes

Mediation of bone ingrowth in porous hydroxyapatite bone graft substitutes

Beta-tricalcium phosphate ceramic as a bone substitute in orthopaedic surgery

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