Mechanical biocompatibilities of titanium alloys for biomedical applications

Niinomi, Mitsuo

doi:10.1016/j.jmbbm.2007.07.001

Cited by 1,101 publications

(565 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Device lifespan and bioactivity have been improved steadily since the inception of orthopaedic implants through the use of specific materials systems (e.g. bioinert metallic alloys, low modulus alloys and bioactive ceramic coatings) [1][2][3] and fabrication techniques (e.g. porous surface structures).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement in Ti–6Al–4V sintering via nanostructured powder and spark plasma sintering

et al. 2014

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Studies are performed to enhance low temperature sintering of Ti-6Al-4V. High energy ball milling is found to be effective in lowering the sintering temperature through the mechanisms of particle size reduction and nanograin formation. The former reduces the diffusion distance for densification, whereas the latter introduces an additional densification mechanism allowing mass transport from the interior of the particle to the neck zone. Together, these two effects can reduce the onset temperature for densification by about 300uC. Spark plasma sintering can further improve low temperature sintering when compared with radiant heat sintering and microwave sintering. The enhanced densification is discussed on the basis of the applied pressure (50 MPa) and the intrinsic joule effect that leads to increase in the local temperature at the contact point between particles.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement in Ti–6Al–4V sintering via nanostructured powder and spark plasma sintering

et al. 2014

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“…For these implants, the ultimate goal is to obtain a life-long secure anchoring of the implant in the native surrounding bone. Commercially pure titanium (cpTi) and Ti-6Al-4V alloys are the most commonly used metallic implant materials, as they are highly biocompatible materials with excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance (1)(2)(3)(4). The biocompatibility of titanium implants is attributed to the stable oxide layer (with a thickness of 3-10 nm) that spontaneously forms when titanium is exposed to oxygen (5,6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic–Inorganic Surface Modifications for Titanium Implant Surfaces

et al. 2008

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Abstract. This paper reviews current physicochemical and biochemical coating techniques that are investigated to enhance bone regeneration at the interface of titanium implant materials. By applying coatings onto titanium surfaces that mimic the organic and inorganic components of living bone tissue, a physiological transition between the non-physiological titanium surface and surrounding bone tissue can be established. In this way, the coated titanium implants stimulate bone formation from the implant surface, thereby enhancing early and strong fixation of bone-substituting implants. As such, a continuous transition from bone tissue to implant surface is induced. This review presents an overview of various techniques that can be used to this end, and that are inspired by either inorganic (calcium phosphate) or organic (extracellular matrix components, growth factors, enzymes, etc.) components of natural bone tissue. The combination, however, of both organic and inorganic constituents is expected to result into truly bone-resembling coatings, and as such to a new generation of surface-modified titanium implants with improved functionality and biological efficacy.

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“…ϕ is angles between longitudinal and rolling directions in specimen, and M s is α 00 martensitic transformation temperature [11] temperatures just below these temperatures [16]. Newly developed β-type Ti alloys such as Ti-Nb-Ta-Zr [7,8], Ti-Nb-Sn [16,9,15], Ti-Nb-Al [11,17], Ti-Nb-Ta [18], and Ti-Nb-Zr-Sn [10] alloys are considered to satisfy the abovementioned requirements for obtaining low Young's modulus of the order of 40-60 GPa, which is close to that of the bone (10-30 GPa) [19]. However, the mechanical reliability of these β-type Ti alloys with low Young's modulus is typically lesser than that of a common (α + β)-type Ti-6Al-4V ELI alloy.…”

Section: Low Young's Modulusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Functionalities of Metallic Materials by Controlling Phase Stability for Use in Orthopedic Implants

Nakai

Niinomi

Cho

et al. 2015

Interface Oral Health Science 2014

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This chapter aims to review the recent trends pertaining to the enhanced functionalities, including low Young's modulus, self-tunable Young's modulus, and low magnetic susceptibility, of titanium and zirconium alloys for use in orthopedic implants. These value-added functionalities can be realized by controlling the type of crystal structure and their lattice structure stabilities, which are related to the phase stability of titanium and zirconium alloys. Keywords Magnetic susceptibility • Metallic materials • Orthopedic implant • Phase stability • Young's modulus IntroductionOne of the most important factors concerning the use of orthopedic implants is to ensure safety in usage, which is often associated with their mechanical reliability to endure physiologically cyclic loading and unexpected large loads during treatment. Given these considerations, metallic materials are advantageous over ceramic and polymeric materials for use as implantable materials. Therefore, more than 80 % of the implant devices used till date are made of metallic materials [1]. Another important factor concerning the use of orthopedic implants is their toxicity toward living tissues. In general, the human body inherently resists any incoming toxic element. In other words, human body exhibits low permittivity to highly toxic elements eluted from orthopedic implants [2]. That is, the toxicity of orthopedic implants depends not only on the nature of the metallic elements but also on the amount of them, which, in turn, strongly depends on the corrosion resistance of each metallic material. Therefore, in the human body, a metallic material with high corrosion resistance is highly imperative to ensure their safe usage as orthopedic implants.

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Mechanical biocompatibilities of titanium alloys for biomedical applications

Cited by 1,101 publications

References 31 publications

Enhancement in Ti–6Al–4V sintering via nanostructured powder and spark plasma sintering

Enhancement in Ti–6Al–4V sintering via nanostructured powder and spark plasma sintering

Organic–Inorganic Surface Modifications for Titanium Implant Surfaces

Enhancing Functionalities of Metallic Materials by Controlling Phase Stability for Use in Orthopedic Implants

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