Mechanical behaviour and failure mode of bentheim sandstone under triaxial compression

Klein, Emmanuelle; Baud, Patrick; Reuschlé, Thierry; Wong, Teng-fong

doi:10.1016/s1464-1895(01)00017-5

Cited by 225 publications

(164 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This is consistent with the result of Baud et al [2]. Klein et al [20] speculated that relatively homogeneous mineralogy and well-sorted grain sizes of Bentheim sandstone were preferential to develop discrete compaction bands. However, Diemelstadt sandstone has a similar porosity with Bentheim sandstone and relatively dispersive grain sizes, but it has a similar type of compaction bands with Bentheim sandstone.…”

Section: Relationship Between Different Types Of Compaction Bandssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…The main reasons are that the porosities are much higher and the cementation strengths are much weaker compared to the rocks used in other experiments. The porosities of sandstones used in other experiments were 13%-28% [2,6,20,22]. However, the porosities are 19%-44% in this study.…”

Section: Factors Promote Compaction Band Formationcontrasting

confidence: 64%

“…The previous analysis in this paper indicates that the stress drops during discrete compaction band formation are larger compared to diffuse compaction bands. It can be confirmed by observing the experiments of other researches [2,20,22,[36][37][38][39][40]. So, the development of discrete compaction bands is more instable.…”

Section: Relationship Between Different Types Of Compaction Bandsmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…Sternlof et al [19] speculated the stress level for forming compaction bands in Aztec sandstone was about 13-54 MPa without considering the pore pressure. The stress levels for forming compaction bands in laboratory are one order of magnitude higher than that in the field, which are about several hundreds MPa [2,7,20]. The specimens with notches can form compaction bands at lower stress levels, but they are still above 200 MPa [16,[21][22][23][24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Experimental study on formation mechanism of compaction bands in weathered rocks with high porosity

Han

Liu

Wang

2013

Sci. China Technol. Sci.

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Since Mollema and Antonellini observed compaction bands in the field in 1996, different patterns of compaction bands have been found in laboratory experiments. There are some discrepancies between the laboratory experiments and the field observations: compared to the field observation, the stress levels required to induce compaction bands in laboratory experiments are usually higher than the inferred in the field, and the grain crushing are more intense in the laboratory experiments. In this paper, compaction bands were observed at the maximal principal stresses below 8 MPa, which is lower than the stress level inferred in the field, and there was no severe comminution inside the compaction bands. Experimental results indicate that the porosity and confining pressure have great impacts on the types of localization bands. Lower porosity and confining pressure can promote the growth of shear bands and high-angle shear bands. Higher porosity and confining pressure can promote the growth of discrete compaction bands. Intermediate porosity and confining pressure are favorable for the growth of hybrid modes involving two of the three, i.e., discrete compaction band, diffuse compaction band and high-angle shear band. The formation of discrete compaction bands is more unstable compared to diffuse compaction bands. The two types of compaction bands can appear in the same type rocks, and diffuse compaction bands are formed under lower confining pressure compared to discrete compaction bands. The reduction of permeability was within 2 orders of magnitude in this study, and it is 23 orders of magnitude lower than those obtained by other researchers. porous rock, compaction band, permeability evolution Citation:Han G F, Liu X L, Wang E Z. Experimental study on formation mechanism of compaction bands in weathered rocks with high porosity.

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Section: Relationship Between Different Types Of Compaction Bandssupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Factors Promote Compaction Band Formationcontrasting

confidence: 64%

Section: Relationship Between Different Types Of Compaction Bandsmentioning

confidence: 56%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Experimental study on formation mechanism of compaction bands in weathered rocks with high porosity

Han

Liu

Wang

2013

Sci. China Technol. Sci.

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“…In fact, field evidence related to compaction localization generally shows that CBs typically form in lightly cemented or uncemented sandy materials, subjected to a vertical overburden ranging from a few MPa to 30 MPa and to pore pressures of less than 13 MPa, at undisturbed (initial) porosities of n 0 = 10-25% [Holcomb et al, 2007], and permeability κ between 2 and 20 darcies (i.e., saturated hydraulic conductivities in the Fossen et al, 2011]. CBs' thicknesses are typically less than 1.5 cm [Holcomb et al, 2007;Stefanou and Sulem, 2014] and the CB formation can bring about in highly porous materials a porosity reduction of 10% to 20% [Olsson, 2001;Klein et al, 2001;Holcomb et al, 2007], corresponding to a volumetric deformation larger than 10%, relative to the surrounding uncompacted material.…”

Section: Dynamical Effects In the Cb Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamical effects during compaction band formation affecting their spatial periodicity

Cecinato

Gajo

2014

JGR Solid Earth

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Compaction bands (CBs) are responsible for significant anisotropy alterations of permeability in geological materials; hence, understanding their formation conditions appears of key importance to all applications involving fluid extraction/injection from/into the ground. While most of the available models to understand CB formation are focused on interpreting the onset of a single CB, little effort has been so far dedicated to understand the documented periodicity of CBs. In this paper, the role of dynamical effects in inducing the post onset evolution of CBs is analyzed by means of a dedicated model for porous media with compressible constituents, with reference to a horizontal layer of sandy, water-saturated material. Elastic waves are generated as a first CB occurs due to sudden, localized volumetric collapse. If the waves are reflected at the interface with a softer material or with a previously formed CB, they produce significant local effective stress concentrations, which can promote the formation of further CBs in a cascade fashion, according to a regular geometric pattern. The spatial distribution of dynamically generated CBs, as well as the extent of the phenomenon, depends on the geometry of the domain and on the material's permeability. Sensitivity analysis is also performed to assess the key properties that promote dynamical CB in situ formation, identifying as the most influential conditions large stratum stiffness (increasing with depth) and the presence of softer layers. In contrast, the presence of less permeable and/or stiffer layers is not believed to play a major role in the proposed mechanism.

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Micropolar effect on the cataclastic flow and brittle‐ductile transition in high‐porosity rocks

2016

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A micromechanical distinct element method (DEM) model is adopted to analyze the grain‐scale mechanism that leads to the brittle‐ductile transition in cohesive‐frictional materials. The cohesive‐frictional materials are idealized as particulate assemblies of circular disks. While the frictional sliding of disks is sensitive to the normal compressive stress exerted on contacts, normal force can be both caused by interpenetration and long‐range cohesive bonding between two particles. Our numerical simulations indicate that the proposed DEM model is able to replicate the gradual shift of porosity change from dilation to compaction and failure pattern from localized failures to cataclastic flow upon rising confining pressure in 2‐D biaxial tests. More importantly, the micropolar effect is examined by tracking couple stress and microcrack initiation to interpret the transition mechanism. Numerical results indicate that the first invariant of the couple stress remains small for specimen sheared under low confining pressure but increases rapidly when subjected to higher confining pressure. The micropolar responses inferred from DEM simulations reveal that microcracking may occur in a more diffuse and stable manner when the first invariant of the macroscopic couple stress are of higher magnitudes.

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Mechanical behaviour and failure mode of bentheim sandstone under triaxial compression

Cited by 225 publications

References 12 publications

Experimental study on formation mechanism of compaction bands in weathered rocks with high porosity

Experimental study on formation mechanism of compaction bands in weathered rocks with high porosity

Dynamical effects during compaction band formation affecting their spatial periodicity

Micropolar effect on the cataclastic flow and brittle‐ductile transition in high‐porosity rocks

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