Mechanical behavior of sheets prepared from sugar beet cellulose microfibrils

Abstract

ABSTRACT:The mechanical behavior of films cast from sugar beet cellulose microfibrils was investigated through tensile tests. The obtaining of these microfibrils by chemical and mechanical treatments from the raw beet pulp is described. Depending on their purification level, individualization state, and moisture content, differences in tensile modulus are observed. It is found that pectins act as a binder between the cellulose microfibrils, which tends to increase the Young's modulus in dry atmosphere and to decrease it in moist conditions. The extraction of the cellulose microfibrils from the sugar beet cell wall and the obtainment of microfibril suspensions with partial individualization of the microfibrils by a mechanical treatment lead to the formation of a network of cellulose microfibrils within the film, which in turn increases the tensile modulus. Furthermore, the effect of the remaining pectins is compared with the effect of pectins previously removed and added to completely purified cellulosic microfibrils. As expected, once removed and so partly degraded, those pectins have nearly no influence on the mechanical properties.

Utilising Brewer’s Spent Grain as a Source of Cellulose Nanofibres Following Separation of Protein-based Biomass

“…The bio-refining of BSG and techno-economic analysis is reported by Mussatto et al (2006). Nano-cellulose has been reported to be prepared from a wide range of sources, including raw cotton linter (Morais et al 2013), sisal fibres (Morán et al 2008), sugarcane bagasse (Mandal and Chakrabarty 2011), oil palm empty-fruit-bunch (Fahma et al 2010), rice husk, (Ludueña et al 2011), wood (Abe et al 2007), bamboo (Abe and Yano 2009), cotton (Morais et al 2013), soy hulls (Alemdar and Sain 2008), hemp (Wang et al 2007), branch-barks of mulberry (Li et al 2009), pineapple leaf fibres (Cherian et al 2010), pea hull fibre (Chen et al 2009), coconut husk fibres (Rosa et al 2010), banana rachis (Zuluaga et al 2009) and sugar beet (Dufresne et al 1997;Dinand et al 1999). In a very recent study (Berglund et al 2016), production of CNF from BSG has been reported using an ultragrinding method with a main focus on energy consumption and feasibility of the process.…”

Processing, Valorization and Application of Bio-Waste Derived Compounds from Potato, Tomato, Olive and Cereals: A Review

“…Recently, an extensive review from Jonoobi, et al [286] detailed the different preparation methods for CNFs from various natural resources and residues. Agricultural resources and residues such as wheat straw and soy hulls [287,288], empty fruit bunches [289], sugar beet pulp [290], potato pulp [291], swede root [292], bagasse [293,294], rice straw [293], banana rachis [295] and banana peels [296], have been used as a raw material for the production of CNFs. The extraction is conducted by mechanical processes, e.g., high-pressure homogenization, grinding, refining treatments or by acid hydrolysis.…”

Advanced Cellulosic Nanocomposite Materials

“…A typical procedure to prepare cellulose nanocrystals has five steps: hydrolysis by acid, centrifugation and neutralization, rinsing with deionized water by centrifuge, dispersion by ultrasonic irradiation, and ultrafiltration to remove any remaining ions (Choi and Simonsen, 2006). Cellulose whiskers or nanocrystals have been obtained from many cellulosic materials, such as wood fibers, cotton, ramie, tunicate mantles, sugar beet pulp, and bacterial cellulose (Beck-Candanedo et al, 2005;Chakraborty et al, 2005;Dufresne et al, 1997b;Edgar and Gray, 2002;Kvien et al, 2005;Lu et al, 2005;Pu et al, 2007;Zimmermann et al, 2004). In terms of mechanical methods, a process using highintensity ultrasonication (HIUS) was developed at the Center for Renewable Carbon to isolate fibrils from several cellulose resources, which is discussed in Section 3.3.…”