Mechanical and Thermal Performance Characterisation of Compressed Earth Blocks

Teixeira, E.R.; Machado, Gilberto; Paula, Adilson de; Guarnier, Christiane; Fernandes, Jorge Emanuel Pereira; Silva, Sandra Monteiro; Mateus, Ricardo

doi:10.3390/en13112978

Cited by 45 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…These are very good values since it is known that the minimum compressive The results showed a variation of compressive strength by adding 30 g of glass/100 mL of sodium hydroxide solution between 2.31 MPa and 5.95 MPa, with the average being 4 MPa. These are very good values since it is known that the minimum compressive strength requirements for CEBs vary between 1.0 MPa and 2.8 MPa [69,70]. The maximum compressive strength obtained by adding 40 g of glass/100 mL of sodium hydroxide solution was 6.63 MPa.…”

Section: Compressive Strengthmentioning

confidence: 70%

Formulation of Compressed Earth Blocks Stabilized by Glass Waste Activated with NaOH Solution

et al. 2021

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Due to the increase in demand for building materials and their high prices in most developing countries, many researchers are trying to recycle waste for use as secondary raw materials. The aim of this study is the optimization of a mixture of compressed earth blocks based on two sediments. These sediments were tested through the Vicat test to determine the proportion of each one and the optimal water content. The mixtures were treated by adding 10% of blast furnace slag and different proportions of dissolved glass in a NaOH solution. The results indicated that the mixture of 70% Oran sediments with 30% Sidi Lakhdar sediments treated with 4% glass waste produced a CEB (compressed earth block) with high compressive strength with low porosity. In addition, formulated CEBs have a very good resistance to water immersion.

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Section: Compressive Strengthmentioning

confidence: 70%

Formulation of Compressed Earth Blocks Stabilized by Glass Waste Activated with NaOH Solution

et al. 2021

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“…Their main characteristics are presented in Table 1. The thermal properties of the reed were evaluated in a calibrated hotbox [34] designed and built at the Department of Civil Engineering of the University of Minho, following the recommendations of ASTM C1363-11:2014 [35]. The hotbox comprised two five-sided chambers (external dimensions: 2.0 m × 1.4 m × 1.6 m)-a cold one and a hot one-and one mounting ring placed between the two chambers.…”

Section: Reed Panelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential of the Reed as a Regenerative Building Material—Characterisation of Its Durability, Physical, and Thermal Performances

et al. 2021

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Knowing the properties of vernacular materials is crucial to heritage conservation and to develop innovative solutions. Reed, considered to be a carbon-neutral and a carbon dioxide sink material, has been used for centuries for diverse uses. Its high availability and properties made it a popular building material, including in Portuguese vernacular architecture. An experimental investigation was conducted to evaluate the physical performance, thermal performance, and durability of the reed found in Portugal since the characterisation of this material was not found in previous studies. The influence of geometric characteristics and the presence of nodes on these properties were also analysed, and the results showed that they are irrelevant. The studied reeds were found to have an adequate thermal performance to be used as thermal insulation. Their thermal resistance (1.8 m2·°C/W) and thermal conductivity (0.06 W/m·°C) are under the requirements defined by Portuguese regulations on thermal insulation materials. Overall, the physical characteristics (moisture content, density, and retraction) are compatible to its use in the construction. Concerning durability, there was only a trend for mould growth in particular environments. The results provide valuable data to be considered in the development of new construction products based on this natural and renewable material. Additionally, considering the studied samples, the reed found in Portugal has characteristics suitable for use as a building material, especially as a thermal insulation material.

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“…The thermal conductivity of rammed earth is 0.60 W/mK, which is a key performance parameter of rammed earth. The thermal conductivity of air is 0.025 W/mK, and that of water is 0.60 W/mK [16]. This shows that the thermal conductivity of water is better than that of air.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Prediction of Wall and Indoor Hygrothermal Properties of Rammed Earth Folk House in Northwest Sichuan

et al. 2022

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The climate crisis is one of the most important problems today. In the process of human building, the use of cement, steel, and other industrial materials in the process of building construction and recycling has brought a huge burden to the natural environment. Earth is one of the oldest building materials, its availability and insulation make it an excellent constructive solution in human history. Among several existing earth construction techniques, rammed earth is one of the most relevant. In this paper, a numerical model of the rammed earth folk house in Mianyang was established, and an experimental device was built to verify it. With the typical meteorological year data of Mianyang in northwest Sichuan, the heat and moisture transfer in rammed earth wall, as well as the indoor thermal and moisture environment were numerically simulated. The results show that the rammed earth wall weakens the temperature fluctuation of the inner surface of the wall and makes the peak temperature of the inner surface of the wall lag the outer surface. The relative humidity in the center of the rammed earth wall can be maintained at about 60%, both in winter and summer. The moisture absorption and desorption capacity of rammed earth walls without inner decorative materials is about three times that of gypsum board, and the use of a waterproof coating will render the rammed earth wall almost unable to adjust the indoor relative humidity. Additionally, the use of decorative materials will increase the fluctuation range of indoor relative humidity and the risk of mold breeding.

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Mechanical and Thermal Performance Characterisation of Compressed Earth Blocks

Cited by 45 publications

References 31 publications

Formulation of Compressed Earth Blocks Stabilized by Glass Waste Activated with NaOH Solution

Formulation of Compressed Earth Blocks Stabilized by Glass Waste Activated with NaOH Solution

The Potential of the Reed as a Regenerative Building Material—Characterisation of Its Durability, Physical, and Thermal Performances

Prediction of Wall and Indoor Hygrothermal Properties of Rammed Earth Folk House in Northwest Sichuan

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