Mechanical and physical properties of teak leaves waste/polyurethane composites for particleboard application

Abstract

A teak leaf waste/polyurethane composite has been made for particleboard application. Some fraction variations are performed on the use of polyurethane as a matrix with a range of 0.04–0.20 (w/w). Mechanical and physical properties have been tested on the composites produced. The test results showed that the highest compressive strength of the sample reaches 38.5 MPa for polyurethane fraction of 0.14 (w/w). The composite has a density of 1261 kg m−3 which is in accordance with the result of density on teak. The physical properties have been also investigated and it was found that the lowest value of water absorption is 1.38%. This result indicated that the composites produced are potentially to replace wood raw material in eco-friendly industrial scale.

Development of an Innovative Lightweight Composite Material with Thermal Insulation Properties Based on Cardoon and Polyurethane

“…These findings are in accordance with other studies on polyurethane composites with lignocellulosic materials [ 35 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 45 , 46 ] and confirm the nature of the produced material.…”

“…FTIR analysis (Figure 2) corroborates the presence of these specific functional groups with a broad band at 3000-3500 cm −1 in polyol spectrum (-OH bond) and at 2273 cm −1 in the case of MDI spectrum (N=C=O group) [40][41][42][43][44]. Additionally, in the spectrum of MDI, an important band is also observed at 2094 cm −1 , which is attributed to C-H stretching (Figure 2) [41][42][43][44][45].…”

“…Additionally, in the spectrum of MDI, an im- According to the chemistry of PU foam, it is known that its formation may occur through a chemical reaction between hydroxyl and isocyanate groups [36,[38][39][40]. FTIR analysis (Figure 2) corroborates the presence of these specific functional groups with a broad band at 3000-3500 cm −1 in polyol spectrum (-OH bond) and at 2273 cm −1 in the case of MDI spectrum (N=C=O group) [40][41][42][43][44]. Additionally, in the spectrum of MDI, an important band is also observed at 2094 cm −1 , which is attributed to C-H stretching (Figure 2) [41][42][43][44][45].…”

“…The TS variation was also in line with this tendency, with a sharp increase from 2.3% (PU75-CP25, Figure 5 ) to 9.7% (PU75-CP65, Figure 5 ). As is known, cardoon by-products have a hydrophilic character due to their lignocellulosic nature, which facilitates water absorption [ 21 , 41 , 46 , 48 ]. By increasing the cardoon fraction, the ability of composite materials to absorb water also increases (up to saturation point) and, consequently, the TS is negatively affected [ 21 , 41 , 46 , 48 ].…”

“…As is known, cardoon by-products have a hydrophilic character due to their lignocellulosic nature, which facilitates water absorption [ 21 , 41 , 46 , 48 ]. By increasing the cardoon fraction, the ability of composite materials to absorb water also increases (up to saturation point) and, consequently, the TS is negatively affected [ 21 , 41 , 46 , 48 ]. The cellulose and hemicellulose fractions of lignocellulosic materials, such as cardoon, are the components most responsible for water absorption and TS due to their high number of hydroxyl groups available to establish hydrogen bonds [ 46 ].…”