Mechanical and microstructural characterization of solid wire undermatched multilayer welded S1100MC in different positions

Welding of S1100 Ultra high‐Strength Steel Plates with Matching Metal‐Cored Filler Wire: Microstructure, Residual Stresses, and Mechanical Properties

“…Fine PGF, which appears together with AF, dominates both microstructures. Moreover, M/A constituents predominantly occur at PAG boundaries, as reported by Wang et al [8,9] and by Tümer et al [33,39] In PF position the fraction of M/A constituents within the reheated zones is higher than in PA position. In PA position the welds of the first, second, and third welding passes were exposed temperatures between Ac1 and Ac3 by the subsequent fourth and fifth welding passes.…”

“…[ 36,37 ] In previous studies, partially or completely martensitic microstructures were obtained with similar filler metal but lower heat inputs of about 0.8–0.9 kJ mm −1 . [ 25,38 ] However, recent studies [ 33,39,40 ] and this study show the benefit of high arc energies for improving the filling efficiency of metal‐cored wires. However, one has to consider the narrow process window that exists for position welding, as high heat inputs increase the cooling time and thus promote the formation of ferrite instead of martensite.…”

The effect of heat input in multi-pass GMAW of S960QL UHSS based on weaving and stringer bead procedure on microstructure and mechanical properties of HAZ

“…Subsequent welding passes yielded necklace type M/A constituents and bainitic microstructure in reheated HAZ of prior passes. In other studies of these researchers [6,7], they employed undermatching wire in order to join S1100MC base metal using GMAW in different joint positions (namely, PA and PF). Since heat input and cooling time changed in different joint positions, this affected the size of HAZ and it was smaller in PA compared with PF due to weaving and less average peak temperature exposure.…”