Mechanical and degradation properties of advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF), concentrated growth factors (CGF), and platelet-poor plasma-derived fibrin (PPTF)

Abstract

BackgroundFibrin clot membranes prepared from advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF) or concentrated growth factors (CGF), despite their relatively rapid biodegradability, have been used as bioactive barrier membranes for alveolar bone tissue regeneration. As the membranes degrade, it is thought that the growth factors are gradually released. However, the mechanical and degradable properties of these membranes have not well been characterized. The purpose of this study was to mechanically and chemically characterize these membranes.MethodsA-PRF and CGF clots were prepared from blood samples collected from non-smoking, healthy donors and were compressed to form 1-mm-thick membranes. Platelet-poor plasma-derived fibrin (PPTF) clots were prepared by adding bovine thrombin to platelet-poor plasma. A tensile test was performed at the speed of 1 mm/min. Morphology of the fibrin fibers was examined by SEM. A digestion test was performed in PBS containing trypsin and EDTA.ResultsIn the tensile test, statistical difference was not observed in Young’s modulus, strain at break, or maximum stress between A-PRF and CGF. In strain at break, PPTF was significantly weaker than CGF. Likewise, fibrin fiber thickness and crosslink density of PPTF were less than those of other membranes, and PPTF degraded faster than others.ConclusionsAlthough the centrifugal conditions are different, A-PRF and CGF are prepared by essentially identical mechanisms. Therefore, it is conceivable that both membranes have similar mechanical and chemical properties. Only PPTF, which was prepared by a different mechanism, was characterized as mechanically weaker and enzymatically more degradable.

Regenerative surgical treatment of peri‐implantitis using either a collagen membrane or concentrated growth factor: A 12‐month randomized clinical trial

“…15 In accordance with the strategy of periodontal intrabony defect regeneration, platelet concentrates could be used for the RST of periimplantitis as a barrier membrane, and be combined with grafts to enhance bone healing. 18 While CGF has been stated to be an improved formulation of PRF, 19 it has also been proposed that a different term is used for CGF because of the use of a different centrifuge machine (MEDIFUGE, Silfradent srl, S. Sofia, Italy) and centrifugation speed (2400 to 3000 rpm). 16,17 Concentrated growth factors (CGF) were introduced by Sacco as a therapeutic protocol obtained by separation from centrifuged venous blood using a special device in the same manner as PRF.…”

“…16,17 Concentrated growth factors (CGF) were introduced by Sacco as a therapeutic protocol obtained by separation from centrifuged venous blood using a special device in the same manner as PRF. 18 While CGF has been stated to be an improved formulation of PRF, 19 it has also been proposed that a different term is used for CGF because of the use of a different centrifuge machine (MEDIFUGE, Silfradent srl, S. Sofia, Italy) and centrifugation speed (2400 to 3000 rpm). 20 Furthermore, CGF has been found to be almost identical to self-clotted advanced-PRF (A-PRF) in respect of mechanical and degradation properties.…”

Distribution of platelets, transforming growth factor‐β1, platelet‐derived growth factor‐BB, vascular endothelial growth factor and matrix metalloprotease‐9 in advanced platelet‐rich fibrin and concentrated growth factor matrices

“…In general, it is thought that the ability of growth factor retention depends on the mechanism of growth factor adhesion and/or storage, while the release ability depends mainly on the degradability of cross‐linked fibrin fibers. However, assuming that the degradability is almost equal between A‐PRF and CGF matrices, as was demonstrated in our previous study, their release ability can be considered largely influenced by the retention ability. Thus, it is the manner of growth factor distribution.…”

“…[16][17][18][19][20] We have compared the mechanical and degradation properties of advanced PRF (A-PRF) and concentrated growth factors (CGF) and found no statistically significant differences. 18 The current main topic in the comparison of PRF is their abilities to retain and release growth factors. 16,19,21 In some studies, 19,21 an A-PRF matrix prepared by low-speed centrifugation has been demonstrated to be superior to a CGF matrix prepared by high-speed centrifugation.…”

“…Many research investigations have recently been performed to compare the performances and properties of major PRF derivatives . We have compared the mechanical and degradation properties of advanced PRF (A‐PRF) and concentrated growth factors (CGF) and found no statistically significant differences . The current main topic in the comparison of PRF is their abilities to retain and release growth factors .…”