Mecanismos Involucrados en La Actividad Antioxidante Y Antibacteriana Del Propóleos

Abstract

El propóleos es un producto elaborado por las abejas, que se caracteriza por poseer propiedades antioxidantes y antimicrobianas, las cuales son atribuidas a la presencia de compuestos polifenólicos, principalmente flavonoides. Estos compuestos son de bajo peso molecular y en su estructura química contienen un número variable de grupos hidroxilos. Varios investigadores han reportado que los mecanismos antioxidantes propuestos para estos grupos son mediante secuestro de radicales libres, o actuando como substrato para radicales, tales como superóxido e hidroxilo, y quelación de iones metálicos. Mientras que el mecanismo antimicrobiano involucra la inhibición de ácidos nucleicos y degradación de la membrana citoplasmática.

Edible Chitosan/Propolis Coatings and Their Effect on Ripening, Development of Aspergillus flavus, and Sensory Quality in Fig Fruit, during Controlled Storage

“…The authors emphasize that this type of fruit contains biologically active compounds with antioxidant power, among which are: carotenoids, anthocyanins, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds such as gallic, chlorogenic, and cinnamic acids. On the other hand, Vargas-Sanchez et al [ 27 ] and Navarro-Navarro [ 28 ] highlighted that propolis is a substance with great antioxidant power, due to its high content of low molecular weight phenolic compounds, with hydroxyl groups in their chemical structure, which have a sequestering mechanism of free radicals and metal ion chelation. Along the same lines, edible coatings have the ability to protect horticultural products from oxidative damage without affecting the chemical composition of the food [ 29 ] and if compounds with a high antioxidant value such as propolis are also added, the antioxidant capacity in the fruit increases and is preserved.…”

Determinação Da Atividade Antimicrobiana Do Extrato Da Própolis Orgânica Mista Frente a Microrganismos Multirresistentes

“…A própolis é composta por 50% de resina e bálsamo vegetal, 30% de cera, 10% de óleos essenciais e aromáticos, 5% de pólen e 5% substâncias variadas, incluindo resíduos orgânicos 16 . Por ser um composto dependente de algumas variáveis, suas características organolépticas e atividades biológicas dependem muito de onde está implantada a colmeia 17 , devendo esse fato justificar a diferença de resultados obtidos em diversos estudos.…”

The Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Polyphenols from Mexican Firecracker (Hamelia patens Jacq.): Evaluation of Bioactivities and Identification of Phytochemicals by HPLC-ESI-MS

“…Meanwhile, the lowest concentration (94 µg/mL) was used on E. coli β-lactamase negative. Vargas-Sánchez et al [45] reported that the inhibition of the enzyme DNA gyrase, a fundamental enzyme for the process of transcription and DNA replication in bacteria, such as E. coli [46], is due to the action of quercetin and apigenin, compounds present in the phytochemicals purified from H. patens. Additionally, Pájaro et al [47] reported that the flavonoids contained in the ethanolic extract of the petiole of Rheum rhabarbarum (rhubarb) have antibacterial activity against K. pneumoniae.…”

“…Vicente et al [53] found that the chemical structure of quercetin confers antioxidant properties, since it acts as a protector against oxidizing species; in addition the consumption of quercetin in the diet is attributed to anticarcinogenic properties. Vargas-Sánchez et al [45] pointed out that flavonoids such as quercetin and apigenin act by inhibiting the DNA gyrase of some Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.…”