Meat and bone meal replacement in diets for juvenile gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio): effects on growth performance, phosphorus and nitrogen loading

Abstract

A 11-week growth trial was conducted in a flow-through system with juvenile gibel carp Carassius auratus gibelio to evaluate the effects of gradual replacement of fish meal (FM) by meat and bone meal (MBM) on growth performance, phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) loading. Six isonitrogenous (crude protein: 410 g kg . The results showed that the best growth was achieved with fish fed on the control diet and MBM 20 . Final body weight, weight gain, feed efficiency, protein retention efficiency and energy retention efficiency decreased with increased dietary MBM. No significant differences were found in the feeding rate and hepatosomatic index between the groups. Apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) of dry matter, protein and P decreased with increase in dietary MBM, while there were no significant differences in the ADC of energy. P and N retention decreased linearly while P and N loading increased linearly with the increased dietary MBM levels. No significant differences were observed in the activity of alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase, as well as pyruvate kinase in liver or in serum. Total superoxide dismutase activity in MBM 20 was significantly higher than that of MBM 100 .KEY WORDS

The effect of the dietary substitution of fishmeal with tuna by-product meal on growth, body composition, plasma chemistry and amino acid profiles of juvenile Korean rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli)

“…This result indicates that fishmeal could be replaced with TBM up to 30 % without deterioration of the FCR by the rockfish, as there was an effective improvement in the weight gain of the fish. Similarly, the feed utilization of fish commonly improves when fishmeal is successfully replaced with an alternative animal and/or plant protein sources (Kikuchi 1999;Yang et al 2004;Zhang et al 2006;Guo et al 2007;Kader et al 2011;. No improvement in weight gain, but rather higher FCR and poorer PER of fish that were fed the TBM100-S diet compared to those of fish that were fed the TBM100 diet in our study indicated that there is no promising effect of the additional substitution of soybean meal with TBM.…”

Response of dietary substitution of fishmeal with various protein sources on growth, body composition and blood chemistry of olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus, Temminck & Schlegel, 1846)

“…Similarly, Kikuchi et al (1997) showed that growth of olive flounder fed the diets substituting MBM with supplementation of amino acids for 18% fishmeal was comparable to that of fish fed the fishmeal-based diet. Growth of yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradia) and gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) substituting MBM for 20% fishmeal was comparable to that of fish fed the fishmeal-based diet (Shimeno et al 1993;Yang et al 2004;Zhang et al 2006). Dietary substitution of 30 and 24% fishmeal with MBM supplemented with methionine could be made without deterioration of performance of cuneate drum (Nibea miichthioides) and Malabar grouper (Epinephelus malabaricus), respectively (Guo et al 2007; Li et al 2009).…”

“…Improvement in PER and/or PR of fish fed the MBM10, MBM20 and PM10 diets in this study indicated that substitution of fishmeal up to 20% MBM and 10% PM in the diets could improve protein utilization of fish, resulted from an effective improvement in weight gain of fish. Similarly, protein utilization of fish commonly improved when fishmeal was replaced with the alternative animal and/or plant protein sources in the diets Kikuchi 1999b;Yang et al 2004;Zhang et al 2006).…”

Evaluation of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Wastes Produced by Nile Tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i> L.) Fed <i>Azolla</i>-Diets in Earthen Ponds

“…In aquaculture, both P and N originate mainly from fish feeds [3] due to their high amounts in fishmeal (FM) that is rich in P [4,5]. Several studies have reported that the high P of fish meal-based diets is not well utilized by many fish species, such as common carp Cyprinus carpio L., gibel carp Carassius auratus gibelio or rainbow trout Onchorhynchus mykiss Walbaum [6][7][8]. As a consequence, P loading into the water by fish is generally high, and thus fishmeal-based-diets are considered as primary pollutants of aquatic ecosystems.…”