Measurment of Circulating Thyroid Microsomal Antibodies by the Tanned Red Cell Haemagglutination Technique: Its Usefulness in the Diagnosis of Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases

Abstract

Thyroid-microsomal antibodies were quantitated by a new technique utilizing tanned sheep red blood cells coated with human thyroid microsomal antigens. This haemagglutination assay (MCHA) correlated with the immunofluorescent antibody (FAB) but not with the thyroglobulin haemagglutination antibodies (TGHA) assay. Of forty-one patients with Hasmimoto's thyroiditis, thirty-nine (95%) were MCHA but only twenty-four (59%) TGHA positive. Titres were similar for the hypothyroid and euthyroid patients. Patients less than 20 years of age had either negative (50%) or low titre (less than 1:160) TGHA but 100% positive MCHA at titres greater than 1:1280. Of twenty-one patients with Graves' disease eighteen (86%) were MCHA and six (29%) TGHA positive. Of thirty-two patients without thyroid disease eleven (34%) were MCHA and/or TGHA positive. On the basis of family history and associated abnormalities, in eight of eleven, positive antibodies may have been due to subclinical Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Fourteen subjects of a control group (10%) were MCHA positive. Seven of ten examined had goitres. MCHA is a simple and quantitative test, useful in the diagnosis of autoimmune thyroid diseases.

Comparison of thyroglobulin and thyroid peroxidase antibodies measured by five different kits in autoimmune thyroid diseases

“…This idea was introduced when measuring TGHA and MCHA was the standard; indeed, MCHA was superior to TGHA in the screening study of subclinical and mild autoimmune thyroiditis [4,5]. When comparing MCHA and TGHA, TGHApositive samples always showed positive MCHA [3]. MCHA antigen was a solubilized microsomal fraction obtained from Graves' thyroid tissue [3].…”

“…When comparing MCHA and TGHA, TGHApositive samples always showed positive MCHA [3]. MCHA antigen was a solubilized microsomal fraction obtained from Graves' thyroid tissue [3]. This fraction may contain thyroglobulin antigenicity.…”

Suppression of Thyroid Function during Ingestion of Seaweed "Kombu" (Laminaria japonoca) in Normal Japanese Adults

“…Anti-thyroid antibodies, anti-thyroglobulin and -microsome antibodies, were determined by the agglutination method (thyroid and microsome tests) [7,8] using commercial kits of Serodia-ATG R and -AMC R (Fuji Rebio Co. Ltd.). On each urination, part of urine was collected at a constant ratio (1/50-5/50) using Urine-mate R (Sumitomo Bakelite Co. Ltd.).…”

Incidences of Antibodies to Yersinia enterocolitica: High Incidence of Serotype O5 in Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases in Japan.

“…The antithyroid microsomal antibodies of normal subjects were measured to exclude cases of subclinical autoimmune thyroiditis (Amino et al, 1986 Anti-thyroid antibodies Anti-thyroglobulin antibody (TGHA) and anti-thyroid microsomal antibody (MCHA) were assayed by the hemagglutination method described previously (Amino et al, 1976 healthy subjects, and patients with thyroid diseases are shown in Table 1. Unexpectedly, high incidences of antibodies, especially to serotype O5, were observed even in healthy subjects.…”