Measuring Women and Men’s Work

Discenza, Antonio Rinaldo; Gaddis, Isis; Palacios-López, Amparo; Walsh, Kieran

doi:10.1596/36257

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Although SORS regularly indicates non-comparability of series of LFS data (for example, data are not comparable before 2014 and after 2020), in their communication for LFS data from 2020, SORS does not indicate methodological or sampling issues in 2020 that would make data incomparable to previous years (SORS, 2021). Given that recent papers indicate that many countries have had methodology changes (Discenza et al, 2021), this could have also been the case in Serbia. However, there is no information we could use to account for possible changes, and we do not know if this also applies to the case of Serbia.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Left behind in Covid times: the impact of the pandemic on job loss and job finding rates of vulnerable groups in Serbia

Vladisavljevic,

Lebedinski

2023

AEA

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Purpose This paper aims to analyse COVID-19’s effects on job loss and job finding rate in Serbia, focusing on groups with already low employment before the pandemic, such as youth, women, low-educated and rural areas. Design/methodology/approach The authors exploit the panel structure of the Labour Force Survey (LFS) data for Serbia to analyse if the impact of the pandemic on transition probabilities was different for vulnerable groups and their counterparts during the first year of the pandemic. Findings The results indicate that stagnation in overall employment growth in Serbia during the first year of the COVID-19 crisis resulted from decreases in new hiring rather than increases in job losses. However, trends differed for vulnerable groups. Young workers faced the highest increase in job losses, partly due to their higher shares in informal wage employment. In contrast, decreases in job finding rates were particularly high among low-educated and in rural areas. Practical implications After the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, employment opportunities of vulnerable groups further deteriorated, and already existing labour market inequalities were exacerbated. These effects are partially due to policies implemented to mitigate the crisis, which focused on preserving permanent employment while leaving vulnerable workers and groups unprotected. Originality/value The authors investigate the annual effects of the first year of the pandemic in a country with a large informal sector and explore the role of vulnerable groups’ job characteristics in transition changes.

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Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Left behind in Covid times: the impact of the pandemic on job loss and job finding rates of vulnerable groups in Serbia

Vladisavljevic,

Lebedinski

2023

AEA

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Who Is Employed? Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa on Redefining Employment

Gaddis

Oseni

Palacios-López

et al. 2022

Journal of African Economies

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The 19th International Conference of Labour Statisticians (in 2013) redefined thelabour statistics standards, and most National Statistical Offices are currently transitioning to the revised standards. A major change, of which few academics seem to be aware, is that the concept of employment has been narrowed to work for pay or profit. By the revised standards, farming, which is mainly intended for own use, is no longer considered employment, and such a farmer is no longer considered to be employed or in the labour force. Instead, their work is captured under a new indicator of own-use production work. This paper analyses the implications of the revised standards on measures of employment in Sub-Saharan Africa drawing on specialised agricultural surveys from Ghana and Malawi and nationally representative multi-topic household surveys from two early adapters, Malawi and Nigeria. In some contexts, 70% to 80% of farmers produce for family consumption and are therefore, based on this activity, not considered employed by the revised standards; however, there is wide geographic variation. Moreover, farmers are more likely to produce for sale at the end of the growing season of the main local crop than earlier in the season. Men are more likely than women to produce for sale. Official labour statistics, based on the revised standards, show significantly lower employment-to-population ratios in rural Africa and give the impression of rural populations much less reliant on agriculture and much further along in the process of structural change than what was indicated by the previous standards.

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