Measuring the respiratory chemoreflexes in humans

Lack of correlation between the ventilatory response to CO2 and lung function impairment in myotonic dystrophy patients: Evidence for a dysregulation at central level

“…Ventilatory response to CO2 was achieved by a classical steady-state method [22,23]. Briefly, patients were seated comfortably on a chair in a quiet room, in a condition of relaxed wakefulness.…”

“…Each steady-state ventilatory response to CO2 (i.e. 3% and 6% CO2) lasted 5 min and was separated by at least a 10 min period of spontaneous breathing (room air) rather than performed consecutively to minimise any interactive effect [22,23].…”

“…The slope was taken as an estimation of the centralchemoreflex sensitivity as previously described [22,23].…”

The effects of a single mild dose of morphine on chemoreflexes and breathing in obstructive sleep apnea

“…Central chemosensitivity, CO 2 ventilatory recruitment threshold (VRT) and basal minute ventilation (V E ) were measured using a fully computerised system using Duffin's modified chemoreflex test (Duffin, 2010;Duffin, 2011). An advantage of the Duffin's modified rebreathing method is that VRT can be directly measured rather than being estimated using an extrapolated line.…”

Comparing and characterizing transient and steady‐state tests of the peripheral chemoreflex in humans

“…In addition, the hyperoxia effectively silences the peripheral chemoreceptors (e.g. Read, 1967;Lahiri & Delaney, 1975;Casey et al 1987;Daristotle et al 1987;Duffin, 2011;Skow et al 2014).…”