Measuring the rate of weight gain and the influential role of diet in patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a 6-month follow-up study

Abstract

Weight gain after cholecystectomy is one of the major surgical problems consistent with morbidities and long-term mortalities. Here, we aimed to study the impact of palliative cholecystectomy on weight gain and nutritional status of the patients before and in 1, 4 and 6 months after surgery. We performed a prospective survey on a cohort of 48 patients undergoing elective cholecystectomy. The nutritional status of the patients was collected by nutrition nurse and analysed by NutriBase software. There were 13 (16%) females and 35 (84%) males with the mean age of 51.8 ± 1.97. In 6 months after surgery, patients had higher values of BMI, daily energy expenditure, carbohydrate and lipid consumption and a decreased level of protein consumption. Weight gain after surgery was caused by an increase in fat consumption which resulted in the weight gain and worsening of lipid profile. Dietary consultation, shortly after surgery, would improve patient outcome after cholecystectomy.

Is Cholecystectomy in Patients with Symptomatic Uncomplicated Cholelithiasis Beneficial in Improving the Lipid Profile?

“…It is worth noting that some studies found that patients gained weight and had a higher body mass index (BMI) after cholecystectomy. This may have been caused by increased caloric, lipid, and carbohydrate intake, which consequently led to worsening lipid profiles [4,14].…”

Dietary Considerations in Cholecystectomy: Investigating the Impact of Various Dietary Factors on Symptoms and Outcomes

“…There are no established recommendations for nutrition following a cholecystectomy in this regard. However, the literature indicates that dietary modifications, such as reducing fat intake, limiting overindulgence in meals, increasing fiber intake, and avoiding alcohol, carbonated and caffeinated drinks, chocolate, citrus foods, fruit juices, coffee, vinegar sauce, onions, tomatoes, and spicy foods, can help prevent reflux [ 30 , 22 ]. Öztepe et al found that after laparoscopic cholecystectomy, symptoms worsened with the consumption of processed meats, full-fat cheese, some fruits and vegetables, snack foods, sauces, and fried, high-fat foods.…”

Gall bladder: The metabolic orchestrator

“…Significant weight gain was observed in cholecystectomied patients 6 months after surgery, with men and women gaining a mean of 4.6% and 3.3% of their preoperative body weight, respectively . An increase in fat consumption was generally presumed to be the cause of the weight gain after the surgery . However, this assumption cannot fully account for the findings that those patients who were on a low‐fat diet post‐operatively also had an increase of 2 kg/m 2 in mean body mass index (BMI) .…”