“…Governments at different levels have sought to introduce measures that will offset the consequences, not only for the retail sector, but also in terms of the wider implications of a loss of appeal, vitality and profitability of the towns themselves (Schiller, 1994;Timmermans et al 1992). Municipal governments, for example, are working to promote and develop traditional retail trade, encouraging in-town shopping as part of a joint offer of culture, leisure and entertainment (Pal and Sanders, 1997;Warnaby, Bennison, Davies and Hughes, 2004;Warnaby and Davies, 1997;Zorrilla and Elizagárate, 2004), and in short, to minimise the delocalisation of the retail trade (Note 1).…”