Measuring the Effectiveness of Mass-Mediated Health Campaigns Through Meta-Analysis

Anker, Ashley E.; Feeley, Thomas Hugh; McCracken, Bonnie; Lagoe, Carolyn

doi:10.1080/10810730.2015.1095820

Cited by 108 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…Quality of life and savings in disability-adjusted life years resulting from delaying the onset of type 2 DM should be quantified and qualified, especially among high-risk populations like Hispanics/Latinos. Also, the evaluation of type 2 DM risk prevention in multilevel community studies to prevent childhood obesity ( 331 , 332 ), coupled with mass media campaigns to increase awareness of type 2 DM prevention ( 336 , 439 ), and other risk factors for diabetes, is warranted.…”

Section: Preventing Type 2 Dm In Hispanics/latinos—a Holistic Framewomentioning

confidence: 99%

From Sea to Shining Sea and the Great Plains to Patagonia: A Review on Current Knowledge of Diabetes Mellitus in Hispanics/Latinos in the US and Latin America

et al. 2017

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The past two decades have witnessed many advances in the prevention, treatment, and control of diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications. Increased screening has led to a greater recognition of type 2 diabetes mellitus (type 2 DM) and prediabetes; however, Hispanics/Latinos, the largest minority group in the US, have not fully benefited from these advances. The Hispanic/Latino population is highly diverse in ancestries, birth places, cultures, languages, and socioeconomic backgrounds, and it populates most of the Western Hemisphere. In the US, the prevalence of DM varies among Hispanic/Latino heritage groups, being higher among Mexicans, Puerto Ricans, and Dominicans, and lower among South Americans. The risk and prevalence of diabetes among Hispanics/Latinos are significantly higher than in non-Hispanic Whites, and nearly 40% of Hispanics/Latinos with diabetes have not been formally diagnosed. Despite these striking facts, the representation of Hispanics/Latinos in pharmacological and non-pharmacological clinical trials has been suboptimal, while the prevalence of diabetes in these populations continues to rise. This review will focus on the epidemiology, etiology and prevention of type 2 DM in populations of Latin American origin. We will set the stage by defining the terms Hispanic, Latino, and Latin American, explaining the challenges identifying Hispanics/Latinos in the scientific literature and databases, describing the epidemiology of diabetes—including type 2 DM and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)—and cardiovascular risk factors in Hispanics/Latinos in the US and Latin America, and discussing trends, and commonalities and differences across studies and populations, including methodology to ascertain diabetes. We will discuss studies on mechanisms of disease, and research on prevention of type 2 DM in Hispanics/Latinos, including women with GDM, youth and adults; and finalize with a discussion on lessons learned and opportunities to enhance research, and, consequently, clinical care oriented toward preventing type 2 DM in Hispanics/Latinos in the US and Latin America.

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Section: Preventing Type 2 Dm In Hispanics/latinos—a Holistic Framewomentioning

confidence: 99%

From Sea to Shining Sea and the Great Plains to Patagonia: A Review on Current Knowledge of Diabetes Mellitus in Hispanics/Latinos in the US and Latin America

et al. 2017

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“…Soft outcomes (knowledge, attitude, behaviour or preferences) were assessed in two campaigns (Brazil and Iran) but only immediately after exposure to the campaign. The duration of mass media effects, that is, the persistence of the positive effects of mass media on knowledge, attitude, behaviour or preferences over time, is considered an important element in assessing the effectiveness of mass media interventions 27 28 44. This was not reported by any of the campaigns.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reviews have shown the effectiveness of mass media campaigns targeted at reducing unhealthy habits or promoting healthy behaviours such as breast feeding or family planning, among others 21–27. However, significant changes in behaviour can be achieved only when campaigns are well designed and carried out at sufficient scale and intensity 21 28–36…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass media campaigns to reduce unnecessary caesarean sections: a systematic review

2020

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IntroductionThe worldwide increase in unnecessary caesarean sections (CSs) is a major global health issue. Mass media campaigns have been used in several countries to reduce this trend. The objectives of this systematic review were to identify, critically appraise and synthesise the findings, including the barriers and enablers, of mass media campaigns directed at lay people to reduce unnecessary CS.MethodsWe included any study design that reported health communication mass media campaigns directed at lay people with the specific objective of reducing unnecessary CS, created by any agent, in any format. We searched seven electronic databases without language restrictions, from inception to February 2019. Experts in the field were contacted.ResultsThe search yielded 14 320 citations; 50 were selected for full-text reading; and one was included. Six other reports were included. The seven campaigns were conducted in 2009–2017, mostly in Latin America. Most campaigns were independent efforts by non-governmental or activist organisations. Only one campaign conducted formative research and pretested the intervention. All campaigns used indirect communication, mostly through internet channels; two campaigns also used direct communication with the public. None assessed their effects on CS rates. Only two campaigns measured their impacts on participants’ knowledge, attitudes and birth preferences but only in the short term. The main barriers were lack of financial and human resources. The main enablers were the enthusiasm of volunteers, the participation of famous persons/celebrities and the involvement of communication professionals.ConclusionsThere are few mass media campaigns directed at lay people to reduce CS. Most campaigns did not use key principles recommended for the creation and implementation of health communication interventions, and none assessed their effects in reducing CS rates. If media campaigns can play a role in modifying population views towards CS, there is a need for more rigorous studies including impact assessment.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019120314.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the impact of the media on cancer awareness has been well documented. Several studies reported increased screening for cancer and improved awareness in the USA and Australia after mass media campaigns, involving newspapers [25,26].Knowing that newspapers represent an important source of health information after the internet [27], it is of immense value to investigate how newspapers report on healthcare apps. To date, there is no published research that investigates the newspaper reporting of healthcare apps, therefore, the aim of the present study is to explore what the general public have been told about healthcare apps within published newspaper articles in the US and UK over a ten-year period (2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015) and to analyse the content of the articles.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Care Apps Reported in Newspapers: Content Analysis (Preprint)

Bawab¹,

Alqahtani²,

McElnay³

2018

Preprint

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Background: Newspapers are considered as one of the most viewed and influential media sources in both UK and USA. Information about how newspapers portray healthcare apps to the readers has been lacking. Objectives:The present study investigated the reporting on healthcare apps in newspapers published in the UK and USA. Methods:The Nexus® UK database was utilised to identify and select relevant articles. Systematic content analysis of the articles that met the inclusion criteria (articles of any format that contained reference to healthcare apps or medical apps) within the highest circulated newspapers in the UK and USA over a period of 10 years (2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015) was conducted. Inter-rater reliability of coding was established using a 10% sample of the chosen articles.Results: 151 UK and 69 USA relevant newspaper articles were retrieved. Healthcare apps were most frequently reported on in the Daily Mail and The Guardian (UK newspapers) and in the New York Times and the Washington Post (US newspapers). An exponential rise in published scientific articles (PubMed®) on healthcare related apps was noted during the study period. A total of 26.4 and 19.1% of the retrieved newspaper articles appeared in the features and main news sections respectively. General information about healthcare applications was the main theme coved by the newspapers (45.9%). Most of the articles represented a societal point of view (72.3%). The main focus of the articles was on general health matters (48%) and specific disease matters (37%). Diabetes was the most frequently mentioned disease in the articles. A high proportion (91.8%) of the articles mentioned benefits of using healthcare apps mainly for personalised care, while 24.0% of the articles commented on related risks such as anxiety and confidentiality issues. Almost half (45.9%) of the articles mentioned potential facilitators to the use of apps while less than 10% discussed barriers. Most of the articles (83.6%) were judged as having balanced judgement on the present topic while more than half (60.0%) of the articles were judged to be of generally low quality. Conclusions:Healthcare apps were not widely reported in newspaper articles in the UK and the USA over the study period, however, there appeared to be much more recent interest. Characteristically the articles focused on societal impact and on general health rather than on disease specific applications.Keywords: apps, Newspaper articles, Newspapers, health 2 IntroductionHealthcare applications (apps) are defined by the FDA as "software programs that run on smartphones and other mobile communication devices in order to, for example, provide health information to the public, provide other health related support to patients and healthcare professionals and remotely transfer data to health care providers". These apps can also be used to facilitate decision making and provide the opportunity for consultations to take place remotely [1].Smartphone apps are becoming increasingly popular glo...

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Measuring the Effectiveness of Mass-Mediated Health Campaigns Through Meta-Analysis

Cited by 108 publications

References 89 publications

From Sea to Shining Sea and the Great Plains to Patagonia: A Review on Current Knowledge of Diabetes Mellitus in Hispanics/Latinos in the US and Latin America

From Sea to Shining Sea and the Great Plains to Patagonia: A Review on Current Knowledge of Diabetes Mellitus in Hispanics/Latinos in the US and Latin America

Mass media campaigns to reduce unnecessary caesarean sections: a systematic review

Health Care Apps Reported in Newspapers: Content Analysis (Preprint)

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