“…In Japanese, kaizen means "change for the better" under continuous improvement in small increments that make the process more efficient, effective, under control and adaptable (Ahmad et al, 2021;Goni et al, 2018;Iwao and Marinov, 2018;Khan et al, 2019;Sordan et al, 2022). Kaizen is usually accomplished with little or no expense, without sophisticated techniques or the use of expensive equipment (Cherrafi et al, 2016) acting to mitigate minor problems in a short-cycle improvement processes approach (Reis et al, 2022), which are punctual and do not require analytical or statistical techniques (Sordan et al, 2022) assisting in long-term implementation (Reis et al, 2022;Shatrov et al, 2021;Taylor et al, 2021). Since Masaaki Imai coined the term kaizen in the mid-1980s in his book Kaizen -The Key to Japan's Competitive Success (1986), it has been freely used in connection with Japanese management practices as a possible key to operational success (Goni et al, 2018;Su arez-Barraza et al, 2011).…”