Measuring technological change through patents and innovation surveys

Archibugi, Daniele; Planta, Mario

doi:10.1016/0166-4972(96)00031-4

Cited by 529 publications

(266 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Within many economics and technology management disciplines, patent statistics have become well defined and established as a proxy factor for the measure of technological capacity and accepted as (albeit imperfect) statistics for innovation and R&D production in the absence of more robust measures [25][26][27]. Patent application and registration is also a system that companies and institutes use to perfect their technological innovations, and for legal reasons, patent-filing information is systematically registered by national government offices [28].…”

Section: Patent Statistics For Tlementioning

confidence: 99%

Technological-level evaluation using patent statistics: model and application in mobile communications

Cho

Park

2014

Cluster Comput

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Information and communication technology (ICT) has been a driving force of development for knowledgebased economies. In particular, as competition in mobile communications technological innovation among nations becomes more intense, there are growing demands for improved evaluation, judgment, and prediction of mobile communications technological capability in order to improve national ICT competitiveness. Technological capability refers to conceptual-level elements that capture technological competitiveness in operation. A technological level can be defined for making comparisons of one technological capability with another. Patent statistics have been used by economists and researchers in the field of innovation to analyze current and forecast technological directions. This paper evaluates relative technological capability in terms of patent statistics for some technology domains. We propose a patent statistic model for relative technological capability based on patent activity, intensity, market-power, and citation index for mobile communications technologies at a national level. In particular, it gives a technological-level evaluation of 3G, 3G transitional, and 4G mobile communications for the US, EU, Japan, China, and Korea.

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Section: Patent Statistics For Tlementioning

confidence: 99%

Technological-level evaluation using patent statistics: model and application in mobile communications

Cho

Park

2014

Cluster Comput

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“…Additionally, manufacturing employment is included to proxy agglomeration effects on knowledge production in an unspecified form. Patent count data are used as indicators of knowledge output despite their widely known drawbacks and problems (Basberg 1987;Pavitt 1988;Griliches 1990;Archibugi 1992;Archibugi and Pianta 1996;Fischer, Fröhlich and Gassler 1994).…”

Section: Methodology and Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Space in the Creation of Knowledge in Austria. An Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis

Fischer

Fröhlich

Gassler

et al. 2001

Knowledge, Complexity and Innovation Systems

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The paper makes a modest attempt to shed some light on the role of space in the creation of technological knowledge in Austria. The study is exploratory rather than explanatory in nature and based on descriptive techniques such as Moran's I test for spatial autocorrelation and the Moran scatterplot. Clusters of the knowledge 'output' [measured in terms of patent counts] are compared with spatial concentration patterns of two input measures of knowledge production: private R&D and academic research. In addition, employment in manufacturing is utilised to capture agglomeration economies. The analysis is based on data aggregated for two digit SIC industries and at the level of Austrian political districts. It explores the extent to which knowledge spillovers are mediated by spatial proximity in Austria. A time-space comparison makes it possible to study whether divergence or convergence processes in knowledge creation have occurred in the past two decades. As in the case of any exploratory data analysis, the findings need to be treated with caution and should be viewed only as an initial pre-modelling stage in the enterprise. Future research activities will be devoted to further exploring the issue of local university knowledge spillovers within a refined production framework (see Griliches 1979).

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“…With reference to the more specific issue of international R&D collaboration, Archambault (2002, p. 21) argue that the largest advantage of tabulating statistics for every country that participates in inventions is the ability to identify trends in international collaboration: "… calculating data for multiple addresses … reveals the patterns of collaboration in technological development." Similarly, according to Archibugi and Pianta (1996) international collaborations are revealed in the rapid growth of patents with inventors from different countries. Examples of studies applying this indicator include Guellec and van Pottelsberghe de la Potterie's (2001) study of European Patent Office patents with several inventors residing in different countries, Yamin and Otto's (2004) investigation of the collective knowledge sharing of 20 MNCs in the biopharmaceutical industry (in which they counted the share of patents with inventors in more than one country), a study by Frost and Zhou (2005) However, no evidence has been presented in the literature that cross-country patents are either truly international (i.e.…”

Section: Technological Internationalization By Mncs May Come In a Varmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…e.g. Archibugi and Pianta, 1996;Archibugi and Pietrobelli, 2003;Lucena, 2005;Nummela, 2003). 6 5 According to some researchers, collaboration between domestic MNC units and foreign subsidiaries can be considered less international than collaboration involving only foreign units.…”

Section: What Characterizes 'Collaborative' Randd?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Are patents with multiple inventors from different countries a good indicator of international R&D collaboration? The case of ABB

Bergek

Bruzelius

2010

Research Policy

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Based on the critical case of ABB, this paper questions the relevance of using patents with multiple inventors from different countries ("cross-country patents") as an indicator of international R&D collaboration. The study shows that less than half of ABB's cross-country patents are the result of international R&D collaboration as described by one of the more inclusive definitions found in previous literature. Only a third of the patents are the result of joint R&D activities between different MNC subsidiaries or firms. We also discuss the implications of our study for the assignment of patents to countries based on inventor addresses.

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Measuring technological change through patents and innovation surveys

Cited by 529 publications

References 40 publications

Technological-level evaluation using patent statistics: model and application in mobile communications

Technological-level evaluation using patent statistics: model and application in mobile communications

The Role of Space in the Creation of Knowledge in Austria. An Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis

Are patents with multiple inventors from different countries a good indicator of international R&D collaboration? The case of ABB

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