Measuring Techniques for Particle Formulation Processes

Heinrich, Stefan; Deen, NG Niels; Peglow, Mirko; Adams, M. J.; Kuipers, J.A.M.; Tsotsas, Evangelos; Seville, Jonathan

doi:10.1002/9783527631643.ch5

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…The porosity of the granules was calculated from the granule density and the solid density measured in a helium-pycnometer 1305 (Micromeritics) using the gas penetration (helium) method. The particle size distribution and sphericity were obtained with a Camsizer ® tester (Retsch GmbH & Co. KG), based on the measuring principle of digital image processing (Heinrich et al, 2009).…”

Section: Examined Granulesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of liquid layers on energy absorption during particle impact

et al. 2009

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Section: Examined Granulesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of liquid layers on energy absorption during particle impact

et al. 2009

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“…The temporal evolution of the particle size distribution was determined using a particle size analyzer (Camsizer) of Retsch Company. Therefore at the beginning and at the end of each experiment samples were taken and analyzed off-line [6].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Granule Porosity during Fluidized Bed Spray Granulation

Hoffmann¹,

Rieck²,

Bück³

et al. 2015

Procedia Engineering

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Fluidized bed spray granulation is an important process for the transformation of liquids into solid materials. Especially product properties like final particle size and structure of the granules are important. These properties are closely related to the selected process parameters such as temperature and spraying rate. By knowing the relationship between the thermal process conditions and resulting particle structure, the final product can be designed according to the wishes of the consumers. In the presented work, a correlation between the thermal process conditions and the achieved shell porosity, which is relevant for the particle structure, is revealed. Therefore two experimental series with different materials (non-porous glass particles and porous alumina) were performed in a lab-scale fluidized bed spray granulator. The lab-plant allows the precise measurement of the inlet and outlet temperatures and moisture contents of the gas. All process parameters were kept constant except the inlet gas temperature and the spraying rate. Although the amount of initial material as well as the amount of injected solution was the same for all experiments, the final particle size distribution and the structure of the formed shell were clearly different. The obtained experimental results were compared with a process model including a new expression for the growth kinetics, which takes into account an acceleration of the growth velocity due to the formation of a porous structure. The used model also considers the separation of the fluidized bed into two different zones, namely the spraying zone and the drying zone. With the given initial process conditions, the model calculates the time evolution of the particle size distribution, the theoretical outlet temperature and the moisture content of the gas. The introduction of the shell porosity into the growth kinetics reduces the underestimation of the particle size in the model, which occurs if the formed layer on the particle surface is assumed to be compact.

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“…Separation of particulate materials is commonly encountered in mineral processing. The classification of particle mixtures according to particle sizes is always a crucial procedure for subsequent processes. – Screening, or sieving, is the basic technology for the size classification of granular ores. – So far, various kinds of screening equipment have been invented for the grading of different granular materials. – In order to achieve uniform particle mass distribution on the screening equipment, which would yield better sieving performance at all screen panels and hence improve the overall efficiency, the concept of equal thickness screening was proposed. – This has been realized through two kinds of methods. One is to use variable inclination angles of the screen panels, such as the banana screens and sieve bends, , and the other is to use multiaxial excitation of screen panels with variable amplitudes, which has the advantages of low participating mass of the screen body but high throwing intensity .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The classification of particle mixtures according to particle sizes is always a crucial procedure for subsequent processes. 1 – 7 Screening, or sieving, is the basic technology for the size classification of granular ores. 8 – 10 So far, various kinds of screening equipment have been invented for the grading of different granular materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particle Behavior and Aperture Optimization of Variable Vibration-Amplitude Screening Based on Discrete Element Method Simulation

Qiao,

Yang,

2023

ACS Omega

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Recently, some novel screens were proposed based on the improved understanding of screening processes from particle-scale studies, one of which is the novel variable amplitude equal thickness vibration screen (VAETVS). This paper presents an investigation of using different aperture sizes to further optimize the VAETVS by the discrete element method (DEM). The screen was divided into three panels, and the aperture size of each panel was varied in the simulation. The particles’ dynamics and spatial distribution were investigated to better understand the effects of varied amplitudes and aperture sizes on the screening efficiency. The results showed that the VAETVS can be effectively optimized by varied amplitude as well as varied aperture size for different screen panels. The amplitude variance is more effective for hard sieve particles and hindrance particles. It is also found that from the feed end to the discharge end, the difference in the distribution of particle mass between the coarse particles and the fine particles increases. Generally, such a difference can be increased with increasing aperture sizes. However, the effects of the apertures of the different panels were not the same. The simulated data were further analyzed by the Box-Behnken response surface method, which gave a mathematical model to predict the screening efficiency η with the varied apertures. From the model, the optimal aperture sizes are 7.5, 7.58, and 6.81 mm, yielding the maximum screening efficiency of 86.35%, and the optimal opening areas for the three panels are 35, 40, and 40%, respectively, yielding the maximum screening efficiency of 87.82%.

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Measuring Techniques for Particle Formulation Processes

Cited by 4 publications

References 98 publications

Influence of liquid layers on energy absorption during particle impact

Influence of liquid layers on energy absorption during particle impact

Influence of Granule Porosity during Fluidized Bed Spray Granulation

Particle Behavior and Aperture Optimization of Variable Vibration-Amplitude Screening Based on Discrete Element Method Simulation

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