Measuring symptoms of post‐traumatic stress disorder in people with intellectual disabilities: The development and psychometric properties of the Impact of Event Scale‐Intellectual Disabilities (<scp>IES</scp>‐<scp>ID</scp>s)

Hall, James; Jobson, Laura; Langdon, Peter E.

doi:10.1111/bjc.12048

Cited by 55 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…The finding is in line with Hall et al . (), who found a significant but small correlation between the self‐report and the informant version of the LANTS (Cohen ). Another factor that possibly underlies the distinctiveness of the current data sources is that CB was rated only by informants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between challenging behaviour and symptoms of post‐traumatic stress disorder in people with intellectual disabilities: a Bayesian mediation analysis approach

Rittmannsberger

Yanagida

Weber

et al. 2020

J intellect Disabil Res

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Background A preponderance of behavioural symptoms is assumed to be the main difference in the manifestation of symptoms of post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in people with intellectual disability (ID). However, no study so far has assessed the relationship between challenging behaviour (CB) and PTSD. The present study aims to explore this relationship by exploring whether CB is directly related to trauma exposure or whether this relationship is mediated through core symptoms of PTSD. Methods Trauma exposure and current symptoms of PTSD were assessed in 43 adults with mild to moderate ID. Parallel versions were administered to 43 caregivers, including the Aberrant Behaviour Checklist to measure CB. Bayesian mediation analyses were conducted using self‐rated and informant‐rated data. Results The self‐report data showed no associations of CB with trauma exposure or PTSD symptoms. The association between informant‐rated trauma exposure and irritability was mediated by severity and frequency of PTSD symptoms. The associations between informant‐reported trauma exposure and the Aberrant Behaviour Checklist subscales hyperactivity and inappropriate speech were mediated by PTSD symptom severity. Conclusions The relationship between trauma exposure and CB was mediated by PTSD symptoms. PTSD core symptoms should be considered as underlying causes of CB, highlighting the necessity to explore trauma biography and symptoms of PTSD. The improvement of self‐report assessment in people with ID is an important task for future studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between challenging behaviour and symptoms of post‐traumatic stress disorder in people with intellectual disabilities: a Bayesian mediation analysis approach

Rittmannsberger

Yanagida

Weber

et al. 2020

J intellect Disabil Res

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“…Secondary outcome measures were the IES-R scores after 3, 6, and 12 months, and HADS subscores after 3 months. The IES-R is a valid and reliable scale [42] that has been used successfully in family members of ICU patients [20,43]. The instrument contains subscale items on intrusion, avoidance and hyperarousal.…”

Section: Outcome Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complicated grief after death of a relative in the intensive care unit

Kentish-Barnes¹,

Chaize²,

Seegers³

et al. 2015

Eur Respir J

249

208

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An increased proportion of deaths occur in the intensive care unit (ICU).We performed this prospective study in 41 ICUs to determine the prevalence and determinants of complicated grief after death of a loved one in the ICU. Relatives of 475 adult patients were followed up. Complicated grief was assessed at 6 and 12 months using the Inventory of Complicated Grief (cut-off score >25). Relatives also completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale at 3 months, and the Revised Impact of Event Scale for post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms at 3, 6 and 12 months. We used a mixed multivariate logistic regression model to identify determinants of complicated grief after 6 months.Among the 475 patients, 282 (59.4%) had a relative evaluated at 6 months. Complicated grief symptoms were identified in 147 (52%) relatives. Independent determinants of complicated grief symptoms were either not amenable to changes (relative of female sex, relative living alone and intensivist board certification before 2009) or potential targets for improvements (refusal of treatment by the patient, patient died while intubated, relatives present at the time of death, relatives did not say goodbye to the patient, and poor communication between physicians and relatives).End-of-life practices, communication and loneliness in bereaved relatives may be amenable to improvements. @ERSpublications End-of-life care and communication in the ICU are associated with the prevalence of complicated grief http://ow.ly/DCqjB

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“…The Impact of Event Scale-Intellectual Disabilities (IES-IDs) [31] is a 22-item self-report screening measure newly developed from the Impact of Events Scale, a widely used scale to screen for PTSD in the general population. Respondents are asked to name an event and then questions asked about current feelings and behaviours with regard to the event.…”

Section: Assessment and Treatment Of Ptsd In Id: Recent Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trauma and Life Events in Adults with Intellectual Disability

Wigham

Emerson

2015

Curr Dev Disord Rep

102

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Exposure to adverse life events and environmental stressors (e.g. violence, poverty, sexual abuse) has been found to be high in intellectual disability populations. Notwithstanding resilience, for some people with intellectual disability, adverse life events and environmental stressors may lead to PTSD and may affect well-being in more diffuse but potentially still clinically impactful ways (e.g. challenging behaviour, obesity, substance misuse). Advances have occurred in the field of trauma in intellectual disability. More specifically, a small number of assessment measures have been developed for PTSD and a small number of studies evaluated treatment interventions such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR). Awareness has also increased regarding the potential life course effects on mental health of exposure to environmental stressors. While these developments are promising, the field warrants more research and development. This paper considers recent developments in knowledge on the psychological effects of exposure to adverse life events and environmental stressors in adults with intellectual disabilities.

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Measuring symptoms of post‐traumatic stress disorder in people with intellectual disabilities: The development and psychometric properties of the Impact of Event Scale‐Intellectual Disabilities (IES‐IDs)

Cited by 55 publications

References 78 publications

The association between challenging behaviour and symptoms of post‐traumatic stress disorder in people with intellectual disabilities: a Bayesian mediation analysis approach

The association between challenging behaviour and symptoms of post‐traumatic stress disorder in people with intellectual disabilities: a Bayesian mediation analysis approach

Complicated grief after death of a relative in the intensive care unit

Trauma and Life Events in Adults with Intellectual Disability

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