Measuring social support: A synthesis of current approaches

Bruhn, John G.; Philips, Billy U.

doi:10.1007/bf00845384

Cited by 116 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…A lot of studies reported the negative correlations between psychological/physical symptoms and the social support measures (Bruhn & Philips, 1984). The results of this study also showed social support had the significant negative correlations with symptoms.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Intervening variables of stress, hassles, and health

Nakano

1989

Jpn. Psychol. Res

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The relations between psychological/physical symptoms, hassles, and intervening variables of stress were explored in Japanese subjects. The intervening variables were five coping strategies, Type A behavior, hardiness, social support, and social interest. As expected, there was a strong hassles-symptoms association, and symptoms were related to avoidance, emotion-focused coping, Type A behavior.This study also examined which intervening variables were more effective in decreasing the negative effects of stressors by multivariate analysis of variance. The individuals with high symptoms tended not to use problem-focused coping and showed more Type A behaviors. Further researches in Japanese subjects that would provide a better understanding of intervening variables of stress were proposed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Intervening variables of stress, hassles, and health

Nakano

1989

Jpn. Psychol. Res

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“…This included specific questions about the patient's perceptions of the impact on haemodialysis, and a scries of questions allowing a global rating of social support on a 1-5 scale. The social support measure incorporated emotional as well as practi cal support (both related to and independent of dialysis), giving attention to the reciprocity of support [32,33]. Past psychiatric histo ry was also elicited during the interview, and confirmed by referring to the medical case notes.…”

Section: Psychosocial Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychosocial and Cognitive Factors Associated with Adherence to Dietary and Fluid Restriction Regimens by People on Chronic Haemodialysis

Sensky

Léger

Gilmour³

1996

Psychother Psychosom

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Background: Failure by people on chronic haemodialysis to adhere adequately to dietary and fluid restrictions can have serious medical consequences. Numerous psychosocial factors possibly associated with adherence have been investigated in previous research. However, most previous studies have examined one or a few variables in isolation, and have tended to focus on sociodemographic variables not easily amenable to intervention. Much previous work has tended to ignore potential differences in adherence between male and female dialysands. Methods: Sociodemographic and psychosocial factors associated with adherence to dietary and fluid restrictions were investigated in 45 people on haemodialysis attending one renal unit, excluding those with a residual urine volume > 500 ml/day. Multiple regression analyses were used to estimate the contribution to adherence of a range of variables, including gender, age, duration of dialysis, affective disturbance, past psychiatric history, health locus of control, social adjustment and social supports. Results: Adherence to diet (measured by predialysis serum potassium) and to fluid restriction (interdialysis weight gain) were not linked, and had different psychosocial correlates. Regression models of four different aspects of adherence revealed very distinct psychosocial correlates, with contributions to adherence from complex interactions between psychosocial and cognitive variables, notably gender, age, social adjustment, health locus of control, and depression. Conclusions: The findings cast doubt on the results of many previous studies which have used simple models of adherence. Adherence is likely to be influenced in a complex manner by multiple factors including age, gender, locus of control, social adjustment, and past psychiatric history.

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“…Support that occurs in the context of a conflicted relationship is associated with increased negative psychological symptoms, and a stronger relationship between stress and symptoms (Sandler & Barrera, 1984). Support that is received but not reciprocated is hypothesized to reduce its protective effects (e.g., Bruhn & Philips, 1984). Thus, the results of the present study add to a growing body of literature that delineates the conditions in which the receipt of social support may have adverse effects on the recipient.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

The Interplay Among Risk Factors for Suicidal Ideation and Suicide: The Role of Depression, Poor Health, and Loved Ones' Messages of Support and Criticism

Brown

Vinokur

2003

American J of Comm Psychol

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When individuals who receive social support are in poor physical or mental health and are criticized or made to feel unwanted, they may perceive themselves as a burden. Poor physical health and depression were hypothesized to exacerbate the harmful effects on suicidal ideation of receiving critical negative messages and of receiving social support. These hypotheses were tested using secondary analyses of data from a sample of 533 unemployed married individuals who were assessed shortly after job loss, and 6 months later. The results of our analyses supported the hypotheses and demonstrated that for participants with poor health or high level of depressive symptoms an increase in critical messages and social support (from Time 1 to Time 2) predicted increased suicidal ideation. This relationship was not observed for nondepressed participants in good health. The results are discussed in terms of their implications for suicide prevention.

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Measuring social support: A synthesis of current approaches

Cited by 116 publications

References 39 publications

Intervening variables of stress, hassles, and health

Intervening variables of stress, hassles, and health

Psychosocial and Cognitive Factors Associated with Adherence to Dietary and Fluid Restriction Regimens by People on Chronic Haemodialysis

The Interplay Among Risk Factors for Suicidal Ideation and Suicide: The Role of Depression, Poor Health, and Loved Ones' Messages of Support and Criticism

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