Measuring smoking prevalence in a middle income nation: An examination of the 100 cigarettes lifetime screen

Levy, David T.; Zavala‐Arciniega, Luis; Reynales-Shigematsu, Luz Myriam; Fleischer, Nancy L.; Yuan, Zhe; Li, Yameng; Sánchez-Romero, Luz María; Lau, Yan Kwan; Meza, Rafael; Thrasher, James F.

doi:10.1016/j.gloepi.2019.100016

Cited by 12 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In this study, smoking prevalence was assessed based on how people used 100 cigarettes in their lifetimes. Such a definition for the smoking status, according to Levy et al [ 25 ], may have important implications for the smoking population size.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pattern of cigarette smoking: intensity, cessation, and age of beginning: evidence from a cohort study in West of Iran

Hamzeh

Farnia

Moradinazar

et al. 2020

Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy

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Background Smoking is a social epidemic and one of the main risk factors for premature deaths and disabilities worldwide. In the present study, we investigated the Pattern of Cigarette Smoking: intensity, cessation, and age of the beginning. Methods Data collected from the recruitment phase of Ravansar (a Kurd region in western Iran) Non-Communicable Disease (RaNCD) cohort study was analyzed by using Chi-square test, univariate and multivariate logistic regressions, Poisson regression, and linear regression. Results Totally 10,035 individuals (47.42% males) participated in the study. Mean age was lower for males (47.45 yr) than for females (48.36 yr). Prevalence of smoking was 20% (36.4% of males and 5.23% of females). Compared to female participants, males showed a 7-fold higher prevalence of smoking and started smoking about 4 years earlier. Being married, having a lower BMI, living in rural areas, and being exposed to secondhand smoke (SHS) were predictors of higher smoking prevalence rates. Furthermore, current exposure to SHS, higher smoking intensity, later smoking initiation, male gender, younger age, lower education, and lower BMI were related to lower likelihood of stopping smoking. Heavy smokers began to smoke about 4 years earlier than casual smokers did. Finally, being divorced/ widow/ widower/ single and childhood exposure to SHS were found to increase the likelihood of becoming a smoker. Conclusions Based on present research results, health programs specific to smoking cessation should take socio-demographic factors, smoking history, and current smoking behavior into account.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pattern of cigarette smoking: intensity, cessation, and age of beginning: evidence from a cohort study in West of Iran

Hamzeh

Farnia

Moradinazar

et al. 2020

Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy

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“…However, applying the screen did not improve model validation for nondaily smokers. A recent study [ 3 ] observed that Mexico’s nondaily smoking prevalence without the 100-cigarettes screen for ages 15–24 was nearly 70% greater than with the screen, and differences were observed even among older age groups. Similar variations using the 100-cigarettes screen have been observed in a US study [ 39 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the previous Mexico SimSmoke [ 11 , 12 ], we limited the modeling exercise to established smokers, restricted to those who reported that they had smoked at least 100 cigarettes in their lifetime [ 3 , 15 ]. However, because a large percentage of both daily and especially nondaily smokers, including older adults, reported that they have not smoked 100 cigarettes in their lifetime [ 3 ], we do not apply the 100-cigarette criterion for the current model. Instead, we conduct a sensitivity analysis applying that criterion.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mexico's prevalence of overall smoking has declined from 21.5% in 2007 to 19.0% in 2016. In particular, daily smoking prevalence decreased by 50% from 13.5% in 2002 to 7.0% in 2016. Meanwhile nondaily smoking prevalence increased by 35% from 8.8% in 2009 to 11.9% in 2016, comprising a large proportion of smokers in Mexico [2,3]. This pattern of growth in the proportion of non-daily smokers is not only occurring in Mexico, but also in many middle-income countries, such as Brazil, India, Indonesia and Thailand [4], as well as in many high-income countries [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Mexico SimSmoke tobacco control policy model: Development of a simulation model of daily and nondaily cigarette smoking

et al. 2021

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Background Nondaily smoking has been on the rise, especially in Mexico. While Mexico has strengthened its tobacco control policies, their effects on nondaily smokers have gone largely unexamined. We developed a simulation model to estimate the impact of tobacco control policies on daily and nondaily smoking in Mexico. Methods A previously validated Mexico SimSmoke model that estimated overall trends in smoking prevalence from 2002 through 2013 was extended to 2018 and adapted to distinguish daily and nondaily smoking prevalence. The model was then validated using data from Mexican surveys through 2016. To gauge the potential effects of policies, we compared the trends in smoking under current policies with trends from policies kept at their 2002 levels. Results Between 2002 and 2016, Mexico SimSmoke underestimated the reduction in male and female daily smoking rates. For nondaily smoking, SimSmoke predicted a decline among both males and females, while survey rates showed increasing rates in both genders, primarily among ages 15–44. Of the total reduction in smoking rates predicted by the model by 2018, tax policies account for more than 55%, followed by health warnings, cessation treatment, smoke-free air laws, and tobacco control spending. Conclusions Although Mexico SimSmoke did not successfully explain trends in daily and nondaily smoking, it helps to identify gaps in surveillance and policy evaluation for nondaily smokers. Future research should consider appropriate measures of nondaily smoking prevalence, trajectories between daily and nondaily smoking, and the separate impact of tobacco control policies on each group.

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“…Furthermore, large social media campaigns have accompanied the launch of IQOS [28], which could have resulted in further online information sharing and seeking [36] and boosting of ideas to mislead consumers about HTPs safety, especially when the evidence is inconclusive about it [37][38][39][40]. As IQOS and other HTPs enter and are marketed in Mexico, awareness and use will certainly increase, as it has in other countries [5,6,24], yet market growth for this tobacco product segment needs to be studied for Mexico, where smoking frequency is significantly lower than in other populations around the world [31,32,41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adult Smokers’ Awareness and Interest in Trying Heated Tobacco Products: Perspectives from Mexico, where HTPs and E-Cigarettes are Banned

Cruz-Jiménez

Barrientos‐Gutiérrez

Coutiño-Escamilla

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Background: We evaluated smokers’ perceptions of heated tobacco products (HTPs) in Mexico, where industry publically lobbied to introduce HTPs into this country that banned both HTPs and e-cigarettes. Methods: Online surveys (November 2018 to July 2019) were analyzed from adults who only smoked cigarettes (n = 2091) or who smoked and used e-cigarettes (“dual users” n = 1128). Logistic models regressed HTP awareness, interest to trying HTPs, and having seen HTPs for sale (only among aware participants) on sociodemographics and tobacco-related variables. Results: Of the 17.1% who were aware of HTPs, 52.7% reported having seen HTPs for sale. Of all respondents, 75% were somewhat or very interested in trying HTPs. Compared to their counterparts, more frequent smokers, dual users, those exposed to online e-cigarette ads, and those with friends who used e-cigarettes were both more aware of and interested in trying HTPs. Greater awareness was also associated with higher education, recent attempts to quit, receipt of email e-cigarette ads, and smoking among friends and family. Seeing HTPs for sale was higher for those who recently attempted to quit, were exposed to e-cigarette ads online or by email, or had friends who used e-cigarettes. Conclusion: Interest in HTPs is high among smokers in Mexico, which already has a large black market for illegal e-cigarettes. HTPs use should be monitored in this context, especially given the public health impacts of HTPs are unclear.

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Measuring smoking prevalence in a middle income nation: An examination of the 100 cigarettes lifetime screen

Cited by 12 publications

References 21 publications

Pattern of cigarette smoking: intensity, cessation, and age of beginning: evidence from a cohort study in West of Iran

Pattern of cigarette smoking: intensity, cessation, and age of beginning: evidence from a cohort study in West of Iran

The Mexico SimSmoke tobacco control policy model: Development of a simulation model of daily and nondaily cigarette smoking

Adult Smokers’ Awareness and Interest in Trying Heated Tobacco Products: Perspectives from Mexico, where HTPs and E-Cigarettes are Banned

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