Measuring Pulsatile Flow in Cerebral Arteries Using 4D Phase-Contrast MR Imaging

Wåhlin, Anders; Ambarki, Khalid; Birgander, Richard; Wieben, Oliver; Johnson, KM; Malm, Jan; Eklund, Anders

doi:10.3174/ajnr.a3442

Cited by 75 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…Others reported similar findings (19, 33) studying the venous system (29, 34, 35), ultra-high field strengths (36, 37), comparative studies with 2D PC-MRI (38) and Doppler ultrasound (24), or carotid hemodynamics (13) using reduced TE and spiral 4D flow MRI (39). …”

Section: Normative Data Of Healthy Control Cohortsmentioning

confidence: 59%

Four-dimensional MRI flow examinations in cerebral and extracerebral vessels – ready for clinical routine?

Schnell

Ansari

2016

Current Opinion in Neurology

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Purpose of review To evaluate the feasibility of 4D flow MRI for the clinical assessment of cerebral and extracerebral vascular hemodynamics in patients with neurovascular disease. Recent findings 4D flow MRI has been applied in multiple studies to qualitatively and quantitatively study intracranial aneurysm blood flow for potential risk stratification and to assess treatment efficacy of various neurovascular lesions, including intra-aneurysmal and parent artery blood flow after flow diverter stent placement and staged embolizations of arteriovenous malformations and vein of Galen aneurysmal malformations. Recently, the technique has been utilized to characterize age-related changes of normal cerebral hemodynamics in healthy subjects over a broad age range. Summary 4D flow MRI is a useful tool for the non-invasive, volumetric and quantitative hemodynamic assessment of neurovascular disease without the need for gadolinium contrast agents. Further improvements are warranted to overcome technical limitations before broader clinical implementation. Current developments, such as advanced acceleration techniques (parallel imaging and compressed sensing) for faster data acquisition, dual or multiple velocity encoding strategies for more accurate arterial and venous flow quantification, ultra-high field strengths to achieve higher spatial resolution, and streamlined post-processing workflow for more efficient and standardized flow analysis, are promising advancements in 4D flow MRI.

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Section: Normative Data Of Healthy Control Cohortsmentioning

confidence: 59%

Four-dimensional MRI flow examinations in cerebral and extracerebral vessels – ready for clinical routine?

Schnell

Ansari

2016

Current Opinion in Neurology

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“…This approach has been validated in various vascular territories, including the renal arteries, 16 thorax, 17 and cranial vasculature. 18,19 Here, using 4D flow MRI, we investigated intra-cranial vascular anatomy and flow features; particularly mean blood flow rate, pulsatility index, resistive index, and cross-sectional area in three age matched groups: (1) patients with AD, (2) mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and (3) controls as well as a fourth group consisting of younger cognitively healthy controls.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

4D flow MRI for intracranial hemodynamics assessment in Alzheimer’s disease

Rivera‐Rivera

Turski

Johnson

et al. 2016

J Cereb Blood Flow Metab

121

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Cerebral blood flow, arterial pulsation, and vasomotion play important roles in the transport of waste metabolites out of the brain. Impaired vasomotion results in reduced driving force for the perivascular/glymphatic clearance of beta-amyloid. Noninvasive cerebrovascular characteristic features that potentially assess these transport mechanisms are mean blood flow (MBF) and pulsatility index (PI). In this study, 4D flow MRI was used to measure intra-cranial flow features, particularly MBF, PI, resistive index (RI) and cross-sectional area in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), mild cognitive impairment and in age matched and younger cognitively healthy controls. Three-hundred fourteen subjects participated in this study. Volumetric, time-resolved phase contrast (PC) MRI data were used to quantify hemodynamic parameters from 11 vessel segments. Anatomical variants of the Circle of Willis were also cataloged. The AD population reported a statistically significant decrease in MBF and cross-sectional area, and also an increase in PI and RI compared to age matched cognitively healthy control subjects. The 4D flow MRI technique used in this study provides quantitative measurements of intracranial vessel geometry and the velocity of flow. Cerebrovascular characteristics features of vascular health such as pulsatility index can be extracted from the 4D flow MRI data.

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“…11 Phasecontrast MR imaging, in turn, has the advantage of providing blood flow measurements independent of the user without an-atomic restrictions, however, with lower spatial and temporal resolution. [12][13][14] Regarding PC-MR imaging, a 2D-PC sequence with unidirectional velocity-encoding is routinely applied. This sequence is fast and robust; however, due to its unidirectional vessel encoding, it may underestimate flow velocities due to placement errors.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Attenuation of Blood Flow Pulsatility along the Atlas Slope: A Physiologic Property of the Distal Vertebral Artery?

Schubert¹,

Pansini

Bieri³

et al. 2014

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

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Measuring Pulsatile Flow in Cerebral Arteries Using 4D Phase-Contrast MR Imaging

Abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: 4D PCMRI can be used to quantify pulsatile hemodynamics in multiple cerebral arteries. The aim of this study was to compare 4D PCMRI and 2D PCMRI for assessments of pulsatile hemodynamics in major cerebral arteries.

Cited by 75 publications

References 17 publications

Four-dimensional MRI flow examinations in cerebral and extracerebral vessels – ready for clinical routine?

Four-dimensional MRI flow examinations in cerebral and extracerebral vessels – ready for clinical routine?

4D flow MRI for intracranial hemodynamics assessment in Alzheimer’s disease

Attenuation of Blood Flow Pulsatility along the Atlas Slope: A Physiologic Property of the Distal Vertebral Artery?

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