Measuring pebble abrasion on a mixed sand and gravel beach using abrasion baskets

Chen, Bin; Stephenson, Wayne

doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2015.07.034

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…3a), confirming that low-to-mild wave states do produce remarkable adjustments (Bertoni et al, 2013;Grottoli et al, 2015): even though they involved mainly the surface layers of pebbles (Dornbusch et al, 2003), these morphologic changes allowed to recover several tracers. The role of low-energy states and fair-weather periods is not negligible for pebble abrasion: as already stated by Chen and Stephenson (2015) there is an "abrasion zone" on coarse-clastic beaches roughly corresponding to the swash zone, which is always active, and its landward extension depends on wave energy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Dickson et al (2011) and Bertoni et al (2012a) adopted the RFID technology to mark native pebbles on coarse-clastic and mixed beaches, experiencing significant recovery rates (about 50%) for the experiment periods. Higher recovery rates (over 70%) were recorded by Chen and Stephenson (2015) using abrasion baskets made of steel mesh. Pebble abrasion was first investigated along rivers (Lewin and Brewer, 2002): in this environment, abrasion is a result of the combination of different physical processes (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Impressive abrasion rates of marked pebbles on a coarse-clastic beach within a 13-month timespan

et al. 2016

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In this paper the abrasion rate on a coarse-clastic beach was evaluated by calculating the volume loss recorded on indigenous pebbles within a 13-month timespan. The experiment was carried out at Marina di Pisa (Italy) on an artificial beach that was built to counteract the erosion processes affecting this sector of the coast. A total of 240 marble pebbles (120 rounded and 120 angular) were marked using the RFID technology and injected on the beach. The volume loss measured after consecutive recovery campaigns was progressively increasing, reaching the maximum value after 13 months (61% overall). The average volume loss is consistent between rounded and angular pebbles at any time (59.3% and 64.2% after 13 months respectively), meaning that the roundness is not a primary control factor on abrasion rate. The pebbles that did not reach such abrasion rates after 8 and 10 months (volume loss less than 20%) were found at heights equal or greater than 2 m above mean sea level, on the crest of the storm berm that formed during the strongest storms. This implies that the highest wearing is achieved in the lower portion of the backshore, which is also the area that underwent major topographic modifications. Here, sea water action might also exert chemical influence on the pebbles, adding to the mechanical abrasion. The main result of this research, indicating an impressive volume loss on beach pebbles in a short timespan, could be of key importance for coastal managers. The optimization of coarse sediment beach nourishments is also relevant, taking into right consideration that the volume loss due to sediment abrasion might exceed 50% of the original fill volume just after 1 year in the most dynamic portion of the beach

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Impressive abrasion rates of marked pebbles on a coarse-clastic beach within a 13-month timespan

et al. 2016

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“…Intuitively, sandy beaches are the most affected because these sediment fractions are subjected to entrainment and intense displacement at lower energy states than coarser sediments. However, recent studies have evidenced that gravel also moves significantly when wave motion is low (Bertoni et al, 2013;Grottoli et al, 2015), leading to a secondary factor responsible for volume reduction on coarse-clastic beaches, through a rapid sediment abrasion (Bertoni et al, 2012;Chen and Stephenson, 2015;Bertoni et al, 2016). Thus, there is a growing interest in the understanding of storm response on mixed and coarse-grained beaches due to the increased use of coarse sediments as nourishment material (Bramato et al, 2012).…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short- and medium-term response to storms on three Mediterranean coarse-grained beaches

2017

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The storm response of three Italian coarse-grained beaches was investigated to better understand the morphodynamics of coarse-clastic beaches in a microtidal context. Two of the studied sites are located on the eastern side of the country (Portonovo and Sirolo) and the third one (Marina di Pisa) is on the western side. Portonovo and Sirolo are mixed sand and gravel beaches where the storms approach from two main directions, SE and NE. Marina di Pisa is a coarse-grained, gravel-dominated beach, exposed to storms driven by SW winds. Gravel nourishments were undertaken in recent years on the three sites. Beach topography was monitored measuring the same network of cross sections at a monthly (i.e. short-term) to seasonal frequency (i.e. medium-term). Geomorphic changes were examined before and after storm occurrences by means of profile analyses and shoreline position evaluations. The beach orientation and the influence of hard structures are the main factors controlling the transport and accumulation of significant amount of sediments and the consequent high variability of beach morphology over the medium-term. For Marina di Pisa, storms tend to accumulate material towards the upper part of the beach with no shoreline rotation and no chance to recover the initial configuration. Sirolo and Portonovo showed a similar behaviour that is more typical of pocket beaches. Both beaches show shoreline rotation after storms in a clockwise or counter-clockwise direction according to the incoming wave direction. The wider and longer beach at Sirolo allows the accumulation of a thin layer of sediment during storms, rather than at Portonovo where, given its longshore and landward boundaries, the beach material tends to accumulate in greater thickness. After storms, Sirolo and especially Portonovo can quickly recover the initial beach configuration, as soon as another storm of comparable energy approaches from the opposite direction of the previous one. Large morphological variations after the storm on mixed sand and gravel beaches do not necessarily mean a slower recovery of surface topography and shoreline position. Considering that all the three beaches were recently nourished with gravel, it emerged that the differences between the nourishment and the native material, in terms of size and composition, seem to have an important influence on the dynamics of the sediment stock. Considering that recent studies have remarked the high abrasion rate of gravel, further understanding of the evolution of nourishment material with time is needed. The peculiar behaviour of gravel material artificially added to an originally sandy beach suggests the need to modify the widely used classification of Jennings and Shulmeister (2002) adding a fourth additional beach typology, which could represent human-altered beaches

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“…As previously demonstrated, coarse sediments do move under fair-weather conditions especially in the swash zone, which consequently is the area where sediments show the highest mobility rates also in short timespans (Bertoni et al, 2013;Grottoli et al, 2015). Based on the huge mass loss reported on marked pebbles injected on artificial gravel beaches (Bertoni et al, 2012;Bertoni et al, 2016), or on native coarse-grained beaches (Matthews, 1983;Latham et al, 1998;Chen and Stephenson, 2015;Cox et al, 2018) the durability of gravel nourishments is strongly affected by the type of filling material (Dornbusch et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Influence of particle shape on pebble transport in a mixed sand and gravel beach during low energy conditions: Implications for nourishment projects

Grottoli

Bertoni

Pozzebon

et al. 2019

Ocean & Coastal Management

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Measuring pebble abrasion on a mixed sand and gravel beach using abrasion baskets

Cited by 8 publications

References 28 publications

Impressive abrasion rates of marked pebbles on a coarse-clastic beach within a 13-month timespan

Impressive abrasion rates of marked pebbles on a coarse-clastic beach within a 13-month timespan

Short- and medium-term response to storms on three Mediterranean coarse-grained beaches

Influence of particle shape on pebble transport in a mixed sand and gravel beach during low energy conditions: Implications for nourishment projects

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