Measuring Pain in Persons with Spinal Cord Injury

Jensen, Mark P.; Stoelb, Brenda L.; Molton, Ivan

doi:10.1310/sci1302-20

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 66 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Some important clinical aspects, such as spasticity (Tsao and Mirbagheri, 2007) and pain (Yap et al, 2003;Jensen et al, 2007) that could influence upper limb function and motor strategies, were not assessed in this study, but it should be explored in future researches.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upper limb assessment in tetraplegia

Cacho

Oliveira

Ortolan

et al. 2011

International Journal of Rehabilitation Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of this study was to correlate clinical and functional evaluations with kinematic variables of upper limp reach-to-grasp movement in patients with tetraplegia. Twenty chronic patients were selected to perform reach-to-grasp kinematic assessment using a target placed at a distance equal to the arm's length. Kinematic variables (hand peak velocity, movement time, percent time-to-maximal velocity, index of curvature, number of peaks, and joint range of motion) were correlated to clinical (Standard Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury-American Spinal Injury Association) and functional [Functional Independence Measure (FIM) and Spinal Cord Independence Measure II (SCIM II)] evaluation scores. Twenty control participants were also selected to obtain normal reference parameters. There was a positive correlation between total motor index and FIM (r=0.6089; P=0.0044) and SCIM II (r=0.5229; P=0.018). Both functional scores showed positive correlation with each other (r=0.8283; P<0.0001). A correlation was also observed between the right and left motor indices, the motor FIM, and the SCIM II in most of the reach-to-grasp kinematic variables studied (hand peak velocity, movement time, index of curvature, and number of peaks). In contrast, for the joint range of motion (shoulder, elbow, and wrist), only the wrist in the horizontal plane showed correlation with clinical variables. This study shows that muscle strength assessed by the American Spinal Injury Association motor index influences the reach-to-grasp kinematic variables of patients with tetraplegia. However, the functional assessments did not present the same influence.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upper limb assessment in tetraplegia

Cacho

Oliveira

Ortolan

et al. 2011

International Journal of Rehabilitation Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Pain Interference. A 12-item form of the Brief Pain Inventory Pain Interference scale, modified for persons with disabilities, including persons with an SCI, was used to measure the degree to which pain interfered with daily activities [34][35][36][37]. Participants were asked to indicate the extent to which pain interfered with each of the 12 activity categories using a 0-10 scale, with "0" indicating "pain does not interfere" with the activity and "10" indicating that "pain completely interferes" with the activity.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pain Location and Functioning in Persons With Spinal Cord Injury

Miró

Gertz

Carter³

et al. 2014

PM&R

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background The influence of pain location and extent on functioning in persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) and chronic pain is not well understood. Objective To investigate the correlations between pain location and extent to determine which pain domains may be important to assess and potentially target in treating chronic pain in SCI populations. Design Prospective, observational study. Setting University medical center. Participants A total of 259 persons with an SCI and chronic pain. Methods Postal mail survey questionnaire. Main Outcome Measurements Pain sites, pain extent (number of sites), pain intensity in specific body locations, pain interference, and physical and psychological functioning. Results A positive association between pain extent and intensity with pain interference (r = 0.33, P < .01) and a negative association with psychological functioning were noted in the study sample (r = −0.21, P < .01). Pain intensity in the lower back and legs (r = 0.55, P < .01) and a number of other sites showed strong associations with patient functioning. Correlation with psychological functioning was significant but weaker (r = −0.22, P < .01 for the lower back and legs). Ambulatory status had only a small moderating effect on the associations between pain intensity in specific sites and pain interference and no effect on psychological functioning. Conclusions The findings support the importance of assessing pain intensity at specific locations as a part of a thorough evaluation of chronic pain, as well as the importance of addressing pain at multiple sites, when managing pain in persons with an SCI.

show abstract

Pain

Ko¹

2019

Management and Rehabilitation of Spinal Cord Injuries

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Measuring Pain in Persons with Spinal Cord Injury

Cited by 6 publications

References 66 publications

Upper limb assessment in tetraplegia

Upper limb assessment in tetraplegia

Pain Location and Functioning in Persons With Spinal Cord Injury

Pain

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About