Measuring pain after oral surgery

Coulthard, Paul; Patel, Neil; Bailey, Edmund; Coulthard, Malcolm

doi:10.1111/ors.12075

Cited by 13 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…Pain is a relevant patient‐reported outcome measure (Coulthard, Patel, Bailey, & Coulthard, 2014). Two studies reported patient‐reported outcomes measured using the visual analog scale (Marenzi et al., 2015; Temmerman et al., 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of platelet‐rich fibrin to enhance the outcomes of implant therapy: A systematic review

Strauß

Stähli

Gruber

2018

Clinical Oral Implants Res

103

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ObjectiveTo assess the impact of platelet‐rich fibrin (PRF) on implant dentistry. The primary focused question was as follows: What are the clinical, histological, and radiographic outcomes of PRF administration for bone regeneration and implant therapy?MethodA systematic literature search comprised three databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane followed by a hand search of relevant scientific journals. Human studies using PRF for bone regeneration and implant therapy were considered and articles published up to December 31, 2017 were included. Eligible studies were selected based on the inclusion criteria. Randomized controlled trials (RCT) and controlled clinical trials (CCT) were included.ResultsIn total, 5,963 titles were identified with the search terms and by hand search. A total of 12 randomized controlled trials (RCT) met the inclusion criteria and were chosen for data extraction. Included studies focused on alveolar ridge preservation after tooth extraction, osseointegration process, soft tissue management, bone augmentation, bone regeneration after sinus floor elevation and surgical peri‐implantitis treatment. Overall, the risk of bias was moderate or unclear. Nine studies showed superior outcomes for PRF for any of the evaluated variables, such as ridge dimension, bone regeneration, osseointegration process, soft tissue healing. Three studies failed to show any beneficial effects of PRF. No meta‐analysis could be performed due to the heterogeneity of study designs.ConclusionsThere is moderate evidence supporting the clinical benefit of PRF on ridge preservation and in the early phase of osseointegration. It remains unclear whether PRF can reduce pain and improve soft tissue healing. More research support is necessary to comment on the role of PRF to improve other implant therapy outcomes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of platelet‐rich fibrin to enhance the outcomes of implant therapy: A systematic review

Strauß

Stähli

Gruber

2018

Clinical Oral Implants Res

103

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“…Over dosage of opioids can be managed by giving naloxone intravenously. Naloxone is a μ ‐opioid receptor competitive antagonist; its rapid blockade of those receptors produces rapid reversal of symptoms.…”

Section: Pain Laddermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The adult dose for codeine is 30–60 mg every 4 h orally to a maximum of 240 mg daily. Codeine can also be administered by intramuscular injection at a dose of 30–60 mg every 4 h.…”

Section: Pain Laddermentioning

confidence: 99%

Opioids for pain after oral surgery

2013

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Aim To describe the role of opioids in the management of pain after oral surgery. Materials and methods A review of the literature describing the pharmacokinetics, benefits and harms of opioids in terms of systematic review evidence, interactions, use in children, pregnancy and breastfeeding. Results A 10‐mg intramuscular dose of morphine is recognised as a very effective analgesic for post‐operative pain with a number needed to treat (NNT) of 2.9. Codeine 60 mg has an NNT of 16.7 suggesting poor analgesic effectiveness, but in combination with 1 g paracetamol is an effective analgesic for the management of post‐operative pain with an NNT of 2.2. Conclusions Morphine is effective for severe pain experienced by inpatients undergoing oral surgery, ideally administered intravenously or alternatively by intramuscular injection. Codeine is very effective when combined with paracetamol and is suitable for day‐case and outpatient oral surgery experiencing moderate to severe pain.

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“…This first article in the series describes how the patient's post‐operative pain experience can be improved by understanding the underlying principles. Other articles in this series describe the use of paracetamol, non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and opioids in the management of pain following oral surgery and the measurement of pain after oral surgery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pain pathways and pre‐emptive and protective analgesia for oral surgery

et al. 2013

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Aim To describe the scientific basis of the contemporary management of pain after oral surgery. Materials and methods A review of the literature describing the concepts of pre‐emptive and protective analgesia and evidence‐based practice in the context of managing pain after oral surgery. Results Pain is the consequence of the interplay of numerous chemical mediators and a dynamic and plastic neuronal system, and so pain prevention and management requires the use of different classes of analgesic that act by different mechanisms and at different sites of action, ideally resulting in synergistic analgesia with few side effects. Conclusions Management can be challenging, particularly as much oral surgery is undertaken on an outpatient and day‐case basis, but significant improvement can be made to the patient's experience by considering the underlying mechanisms.

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Measuring pain after oral surgery

Cited by 13 publications

References 45 publications

The use of platelet‐rich fibrin to enhance the outcomes of implant therapy: A systematic review

The use of platelet‐rich fibrin to enhance the outcomes of implant therapy: A systematic review

Opioids for pain after oral surgery

Pain pathways and pre‐emptive and protective analgesia for oral surgery

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