Measuring Overtourism: A Necessary Tool for Landscape Planning

Abstract

The tourism debate prior to the COVID-19 pandemic was dominated by the problems inherent in overtourism, reflecting an inadequate land management. Although publications on overtourism have grown exponentially in recent years, its scientific study still has major shortcomings, particularly with regard to measurement. With the aim of overcoming this insufficiency, we have carried out a review of the literature (using the mapping review method) and, based on its conclusions, we have drawn up a proposal to systematise the measurement of overtourism by combining several tools: indicators, surveys, interviews, and other tools linked to the Internet and social networks. The results of the research make a contribution to the expansion of the literature on the topic and may have important practical implications in formulating effective land-use policies by guiding policy makers in the management of overtourism. They could be of use in both the early detection of overtourism and the design of policies that prevent and/or detect situations of risk and that correct existing problems. This is especially relevant in the current international context to implement the effective transition to a responsible tourism model post-COVID-19.

Comprehensive Evaluation of Land Use Planning Alternatives Based on GIS-ANP

“…Further, some indicators such as Ecosystem Services [38], Urban Resilience [39], and overtourism [40] are increasingly seen to be important considerations in evaluating the impacts of various development alternatives and thus in evaluating urban or land planning. Therefore, future research needs to include these indicators (and others as appropriate) in evaluation systems, to further increase the objectivity of analysis results.…”

Inclusiveness in the Caribbean-Locals’ Perceptions about Nature, Tourism and Recreation in Bonaire

“…While the term "responsible tourism" refers to making use of tourism as a means to improve living standards and qualities of tourism in the visited places, the so-called "overtourism" refers to the opposite, namely "the impact of tourism on a destination, or parts thereof, that excessively influences perceived quality of life of citizens and/or quality of visitors' experiences in a negative way" [4] (p. 4). Overtourism highly depends on context-specific factors such as urban, rural, and coastal spaces, among others, that are used extensively for tourism purposes with adverse impacts on quality of life and well-being of local residents [5][6][7][8]. Hence, with overtourism, inclusion of local populations to benefit from tourism often fails.…”

“…Two-sample t-test for differences in responses about stay-over tourism by origin. : We present statements and ask if respondents: fully disagree (1), slightly disagree (2), do not agree nor disagree (neutral) (3), slightly agree (4) or fully agree(5). Significance level: *** p < 0.01, ** p < 0.05, * p < 0.1.…”