Measuring Nutrient Spiralling in Streams

Newbold, J. Denis; Elwood, Jerry W.; O’Neill, Robert V.; Winkle, W. Van

doi:10.1139/f81-114

Cited by 655 publications

(497 citation statements)

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“…Briefly, the method utilizes P. aureofaciens, a denitrifier lacking the enzyme to reduce N 2 O to N 2 , to convert NO 3 -and nitrite (NO 2 -) to N 2 O which is subsequently analyzed for N isotopic composition using an isotope ratio mass spectrometer (ThermoFinnigan Delta Plus). The instrument was calibrated using USGS and IAEA NO We calculated NO 3 -uptake rates at the whole stream scale using the nutrient spiraling framework (Newbold et al 1981;Stream Solute Workshop 1990 -uptake, and (upstream -downstream) is the length of the measurement reach (m). We calculated NO 3 -uptake length (S w ), the average distance traveled by a NO 3 -ion prior to removal from the water column, as the inverse of k. We calculated NO 3 -uptake velocity (m f , mm min -1 ), a metric which accounts for the influence of water depth and velocity on S w , as:…”

Section: Nomentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of urban stream burial on organic matter dynamics and reach scale nitrate retention

et al. 2014

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Nitrogen (N) retention in streams is an important ecosystem service that may be affected by the widespread burial of streams in stormwater pipes in urban watersheds. We predicted that stream burial suppresses the capacity of streams to retain nitrate (NO 3 -) by eliminating primary production, reducing respiration rates and organic matter availability, and increasing specific discharge. We tested these predictions by measuring whole-stream NO 3 -removal rates using 15 -retention through a combination of hydrological and biological processes. The channel shape of two of the buried reaches increased specific discharge which enhanced NO 3 -transport from the channel, highlighting the relationship between urban infrastructure and ecosystem function. Uptake lengths in the buried reaches were further lengthened by low stream biological NO 3 -demand, as indicated by NO 3 -uptake velocities 17-fold lower than that of the open reaches. We also observed differences in the periphyton enzyme activity between reaches, indicating that the effects of burial cascade from the microbial to the ecosystem scale. Our results suggest that streamElectronic supplementary material The online version of this article

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Section: Nomentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of urban stream burial on organic matter dynamics and reach scale nitrate retention

et al. 2014

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“…Nutrient uptakes rates are interesting indicators of the biogeochemical function of streams and the ability to quantify this uptake function (Turlan et al, 2007). Stream metabolism and stream communities affect the processes that influence nutrient uptake rates and thus nutrients loads, but it is not yet clear from the literature what are the respective contributions of these processes to nutrient uptake rate variations (Newbold et al, 1981).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of wastewater treatment plant pollution on in-stream ecosystems functions in an agricultural watershed

Sánchez‐Pérez

Gérino²,

Sauvage³

et al. 2009

Ann. Limnol. - Int. J. Lim.

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-We studied the effect of point-source and non-point-source pollution on the retention capacity of the stream and its link with the metabolic state (primary production and respiration) and invertebrates assemblages in a third order Mediterranean stream. Two experimental sites were chosen: one in the upper part of the catchment (Monte´gut site) characterized by low concentrations in nitrate and phosphate and one in the lower part of the catchment (Le´zat site) characterized by high nitrate and phosphorus concentrations. Both experimental sites were located on reaches that included a Waste Water Treatment Plant (WWTP) point nutrient source allowing discussion of the relative effects of point-source and non-point-source nutrients loads on ecosystem function (respiration and uptake rates) and aquatic organism assemblages. NH 4 + -N, and PO 4 3x -P uptake rates were determined using solute additions conducted at constant rates (short-term nutrient addition procedure) and NO 3x -N uptake rates were determined using instantaneous solute addition (slug addition procedure). Rates of gross primary production (GPP) and ecosystem respiration were determined using the open system, two-stations diurnal oxygen change method. Benthic invertebrate communities were investigated for species and functional feeding groups diversities measurements. Results show that autotrophy in the river results from nutrients of two distinct origins: point sources for phosphorus (urban area and WWTP) and non-point sources for nitrogen (agricultural zones) with local additions from WWTP inputs.Comparison between the two sites shows that the WWTP did not affect uptake rates, respiration or primary production of the ecosystem in the low-nutrient Monte´gut reach despite increase of invertebrates communities biomass density. Inputs from the WWTP, in the high nitrate and phosphate Le´zat reach, increased respiration, lower benthic biomass and led to changes in the species composition and did not affect uptake rates.

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“…When applied at a whole-stream scale these studies are often based on the concept of nutrient spiraling (Webster and Patten 1979;Newbold et al 1981;Elwood et al 1983) (see Ensign and Doyle 2006, for review). The associated field experiments typically involve isotopic tracer or nutrient additions and adopt a stream reach as the defining spatial unit.…”

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Longitudinal and seasonal variation of stream N uptake in an urbanizing watershed: effect of organic matter, stream size, transient storage and debris dams

et al. 2009

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? uptake rate patterns had a distinct seasonal reversal; fall had the highest uptake rates in the upper reaches, while summer had the highest uptake rates in the lower reaches. This seasonal reversal was attributed to organic matter and evidenced by DON patterns. Transient storage did not have an expected effect on uptake rates in fall because it was confounded by leaf litter; litter produced higher uptakes, but also may have reduced transient storage. In summer however, uptake rates had a positive correlation with transient storage. Debris dams had no distinct effect on uptake in fall because of their recent formation. In summer however, the debris dam effect was significant; although the debris dams were hydraulically inactive then, the upstream reaches had 2-5 fold higher uptake rates. The seasonal and longitudinal differences in NH 4? uptake reflect interactions between flow conditions and the role of organic matter. Urbanization can alter both of these characteristics, hence affect stream N processing.

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Measuring Nutrient Spiralling in Streams

Cited by 655 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of urban stream burial on organic matter dynamics and reach scale nitrate retention

Effects of urban stream burial on organic matter dynamics and reach scale nitrate retention

Effects of wastewater treatment plant pollution on in-stream ecosystems functions in an agricultural watershed

Longitudinal and seasonal variation of stream N uptake in an urbanizing watershed: effect of organic matter, stream size, transient storage and debris dams

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