Measuring NMHC and NMOG emissions from motor vehicles via FTIR spectroscopy

Gierczak, C. A.; Kralik, Lora; Mauti, Adolfo; Harwell, Amy L.; Maricq, M. Matti

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.11.038

Cited by 27 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Qualitative analysis and quantification of NMHCs in air are mostly based on gas chromatography (GC) equipped with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 8 a flame ionization detector (FID), or a mass spectrometer detector. 9 However, GC-based methods are restricted to time-consuming and highcost laboratory analysis.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Performance NMHC Detection Enabled by a Perylene Bisimide-Cored Metallacycle Complex-Based Fluorescent Film Sensor

et al. 2021

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Non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) can serve as precursors of ozone and photochemical smog, and hence their highly efficient detection is of great importance for air quality monitoring. Here, we synthesized a new fluorescent perylene bisimide (PBI)-cored metallacycle complex through coordinationdriven self-assembly and used it for the production of a fluorescent film sensor. The unique rectangular structure of the developed fluorophore endows the sensor with enhanced sensing performance and discriminability to n-alkanes (C 5−10 ). Specifically, the experimental detection limits for n-pentane, n-hexane, and ndecane are 39, 7, and 1.4 mg/m 3 , respectively, and the corresponding linear ranges are from 39 to 2546, 7 to 1745, and 1.4 to 85 mg/m 3 , respectively. Moreover, the sensing is fully reversible. In tandem with a gas chromatographic separation system, the film sensor showed comparable detection ability for the nalkanes with a commercial flame ionization detector (FID), while the film sensor needs no hydrogen; it occupies a much smaller size (30 × 30 × 44 mm 3 ) and consumes less energy (0.215 W). Further studies demonstrated that the developed sensor can be used for on-site and real-time quantification of NHMCs, laying the foundation for developing into a portable detector.

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Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Performance NMHC Detection Enabled by a Perylene Bisimide-Cored Metallacycle Complex-Based Fluorescent Film Sensor

et al. 2021

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“…The highest density of methane, carbon dioxide, and volatile organic carbons (VOCs) was observed closer to UNG wells. A limited number of studies are available on source apportionment for major air pollutants (Abeleira et al, 2017;Gilman et al, 2013;Majid et al, 2017;Prenni et al, 2016). These studies have lacked a comparison of the effects during distinct operational phases of natural gas extraction: well pad construction, drilling (vertical and horizontal), well stimulation (hydraulic fracturing followed by flowback), and production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying and quantifying source contributions of air quality contaminants during unconventional shale gas extraction

2021

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Abstract. The United States has experienced a sharp increase in unconventional natural gas (UNG) development due to the technological development of hydraulic fracturing. The objective of this study is to investigate the emissions at an active Marcellus Shale well pad at the Marcellus Shale Energy and Environment Laboratory (MSEEL) in Morgantown, West Virginia, USA. Using an ambient air monitoring laboratory, continuous sampling started in September 2015 during horizontal drilling and ended in February 2016 when wells were in production. High-resolution data were collected for the following air quality contaminants: volatile organic compounds (VOCs), ozone (O3), methane (CH4), nitrogen oxides (NO and NO2), and carbon dioxide (CO2), as well as typical meteorological parameters (wind speed and direction, temperature, relative humidity, and barometric pressure). Positive matrix factorization (PMF), a multivariate factor analysis tool, was used to identify possible sources of these pollutants (factor profiles) and determine the contribution of those sources to the air quality at the site. The results of the PMF analysis for well pad development phases indicate that there are three potential factor profiles impacting air quality at the site: natural gas, regional transport/photochemistry, and engine emissions. There is a significant contribution of pollutants during the horizontal drilling stage to the natural gas factor. The model outcomes show that there is an increasing contribution to the engine emission factor over different well pad drilling periods through production phases. Moreover, model results suggest that the regional transport/photochemistry factor is more pronounced during horizontal drilling and drillout due to limited emissions at the site.

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“…Also, the DNPH method has a low time resolution (∼10–20 min) ,, and thus cannot adequately capture high-HCHO emission variations under dynamic conditions. Several studies have employed Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and PTR-MS to measure HCHO from vehicles, , yet these large instruments with high power consumption are not suitable for on-board emission tests. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new techniques and deploy new instruments to obtain high-time resolution measurements of HCHO from vehicle emissions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Portable Instrument for Online Measurements of Formaldehyde: From Ambient to Mobile Emission Sources

Zhu

Dong

et al. 2020

Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett.

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Formaldehyde (HCHO) plays an important role in atmospheric photochemistry, HO x budget, and ozone formation. Several instruments have been developed for measuring ambient HCHO, yet few have targeted primary emission sources due to their very high HCHO levels and complex emission conditions. Here, we present a novel portable instrument, the Hantzsch-Abs, based on the Hantzsch reaction and absorption photometry, which is specifically designed for online continuous measurement of HCHO concentrations both in ambient environment and from vehicle exhaust. The Hantzsch-Abs features an adjustable liquid waveguide capillary cell (LWCC), displaying high sensitivity and strong flexibility for HCHO detection. The limit of detection of the Hantzsch-Abs based on a 50 cm LWCC was 25 pptv; the measurement range could be adjusted up to approximately 3 ppmv. A field comparison with commercially available instruments indicated that the Hantzsch-Abs was sufficiently robust in monitoring atmospheric HCHO concentrations. Furthermore, the instrument is capable of capturing dynamic patterns in HCHO emissions from vehicles under both chassis dynamometer and on-road tests, which suggests potential applications in measuring vehicle emissions. Our experimental data indicated that HCHO emission patterns from vehicles are strongly correlated with driving conditions and that current HCHO emission characteristics for vehicles likely require systematic updating.

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Measuring NMHC and NMOG emissions from motor vehicles via FTIR spectroscopy

Cited by 27 publications

References 10 publications

High-Performance NMHC Detection Enabled by a Perylene Bisimide-Cored Metallacycle Complex-Based Fluorescent Film Sensor

High-Performance NMHC Detection Enabled by a Perylene Bisimide-Cored Metallacycle Complex-Based Fluorescent Film Sensor

Identifying and quantifying source contributions of air quality contaminants during unconventional shale gas extraction

A New Portable Instrument for Online Measurements of Formaldehyde: From Ambient to Mobile Emission Sources

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