Measuring intellectual ability in cerebral palsy: The comparison of three tests and their neuroimaging correlates

Ballester‐Plané, Júlia; Laporta-Hoyos, Olga; Macaya, Alfons; Póo, Pilar; Meléndez-Plumed, Mar; Vázquez, Élida; Delgado, Ignacio; Zubiaurre-Elorza, Leire; Narberhaus, Ana; Toro-Tamargo, Esther; Russi, Maria; Tenorio, V; Segarra, Dolors; Pueyo, Roser

doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2016.04.009

Cited by 23 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 96 publications

(120 reference statements)

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“…Our second hypothesis was that, for some of the regions showing significant differences to controls, FA would be correlated with cognitive performance. Specifically, that IQ would correlate with FA in structures such as the superior longitudinal fasciculus and the cingulum, in accordance with previous studies (Ballester-Plané et al, 2016). We further hypothesised that executive function would correlate with FA and MD of the fronto-striatal loop.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…This test is recommended for people with physical disabilities, aphasia, deafness or CP (Strauss et al, 2006), and has been shown to be sensitive to brain structure in dyskinetic CP (Ballester-Plané et al, 2016). The RCPM have also been commonly used in research with healthy controls (Strauss et al, 2006).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A previous study of our group showed that in dyskinetic CP, intelligence quotient (IQ) was related to the volumes of the basal ganglia, thalamus, and superior longitudinal fasciculus, retrolenticular part of the internal capsule, cingulum and superior corona radiata (Ballester-Plané et al, 2016). That previous study did not aim to analyse microstructure and did not include a control group (Ballester-Plané et al, 2016). Lesions of the thalamus and basal ganglia as well as features of lesions such as lesion type (periventricular leukomalacia vs arterial ischemic stroke) and lesion severity have been associated with the severity of cognitive impairment in spastic CP (Riva et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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White matter integrity in dyskinetic cerebral palsy: Relationship with intelligence quotient and executive function

Laporta-Hoyos

Pannek

Ballester‐Plané

et al. 2017

NeuroImage: Clinical

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BackgroundDyskinetic cerebral palsy (CP) is one of the most disabling motor types of CP and has been classically associated with injury to the basal ganglia and thalamus. Although cognitive dysfunction is common in CP, there is a paucity of published quantitative analyses investigating the relationship between white matter (WM) microstructure and cognition in this CP type.AimsThis study aims (1) to compare brain WM microstructure between people with dyskinetic CP and healthy controls, (2) to identify brain regions where WM microstructure is related to intelligence and (3) to identify brain regions where WM microstructure is related to executive function in people with dyskinetic CP and (4) to identify brain regions where the correlations are different between controls and people with CP in IQ and executive functions.Patients and methodsThirty-three participants with dyskinetic CP (mean ± SD age: 24.42 ± 12.61, 15 female) were age and sex matched with 33 controls. Participants underwent a comprehensive neuropsychological battery to assess intelligence quotient (IQ) and four executive function domains (attentional control, cognitive flexibility, goal setting and information processing). Diffusion weighted MRI scans were acquired at 3T. Voxel-based whole brain groupwise analyses were used to compare fractional anisotropy (FA) and of the CP group to the matched controls using a general lineal model. Further general linear models were used to identify regions where white matter FA correlated with IQ and each of the executive function domains.ResultsWhite matter FA was significantly reduced in the CP group in all cerebral lobes, predominantly in regions connected with the parietal and to a lesser extent the temporal lobes. There was no significant correlation between IQ or any of the four executive function domains and WM microstructure in the control group. In participants with CP, lower IQ was associated with lower FA in all cerebral lobes, predominantly in locations that also showed reduced FA compared to controls. Attentional control, goal setting and information processing did not correlate with WM microstructure in the CP group. Cognitive flexibility was associated with FA in regions known to contain connections with the frontal lobe (such as the superior longitudinal fasciculus and cingulum) as well as regions not known to contain tracts directly connected with the frontal lobe (such as the posterior corona radiata, posterior thalamic radiation, retrolenticular part of internal capsule, tapetum, body and splenium of corpus callosum).ConclusionThe widespread loss in the integrity of WM tissue is mainly located in the parietal lobe and related to IQ in dyskinetic CP. Unexpectedly, executive functions are only related with WM microstructure in regions containing fronto-cortical and posterior cortico-subcortical pathways, and not being specifically related to the state of fronto-striatal pathways which might be due to brain reorganization. Further studies of this nature may improve our understanding of the neurobiol...

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

White matter integrity in dyskinetic cerebral palsy: Relationship with intelligence quotient and executive function

Laporta-Hoyos

Pannek

Ballester‐Plané

et al. 2017

NeuroImage: Clinical

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“…Fractional anisotropy in the superior longitudinal fasciculus is also reduced compared to controls in several neurodevelopmental disorders, including cerebral palsy, where it is correlated with IQ (Ballester-Plané et al , 2016) and amblyopia, where it is correlated with visual acuity (Li et al, 2015). It is also correlated with response time variability in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (Wolfers et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual differences in children’s global motion sensitivity correlate with TBSS-based measures of the superior longitudinal fasciculus

et al. 2017

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Reduced global motion sensitivity, relative to global static form sensitivity, has been found in children with many neurodevelopmental disorders, leading to the “dorsal stream vulnerability” hypothesis (Braddick et al, Neuropsychologia, 2003). Individual differences in typically developing children’s global motion thresholds have been shown to be associated with variations in specific parietal cortical areas (Braddick et al, J Cog Neuro, 2016). Here, in 125 children aged 5–12 years, we relate individual differences in global motion and form coherence thresholds to fractional anisotropy (FA) in the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF), a major fiber tract communicating between parietal lobe and anterior cortical areas. We find a positive correlation between FA of the right SLF and individual children’s sensitivity to global motion coherence, while FA of the left SLF shows a negative correlation. Further analysis of parietal cortical area data shows that this is also asymmetrical, showing a stronger association with global motion sensitivity in the left hemisphere. None of these associations hold for an analogous measure of global form sensitivity. We conclude that a complex pattern of structural asymmetry, including the parietal lobe and the superior longitudinal fasciculus, is specifically linked to the development of sensitivity to global visual motion. This pattern suggests that individual differences in motion sensitivity are primarily linked to parietal brain areas interacting with frontal systems in making decisions on integrated motion signals, rather than in the extra-striate visual areas that perform the initial integration. The basis of motion processing deficits in neurodevelopmental disorders may depend on these same structures.

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Variance of IQ is partially dependent on deletion type among 1,427 22q11.2 deletion syndrome subjects

Zhao

Guo

Fiksinski

et al. 2018

American J of Med Genetics Pt A

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The 22q11.2 deletion syndrome is caused by non-allelic homologous recombination events during meiosis between low copy repeats (LCR22) termed A, B, C and D. Most patients have a typical LCR22A-D (AD) deletion of 3 million base pairs (Mb). In this report, we evaluated IQ scores in 1,478 subjects with 22q11.2DS. The mean of full scale IQ, verbal IQ and performance IQ scores in our cohort were 72.41 (standard deviation-SD of 13.72), 75.91(SD of 14.46) and 73.01(SD of 13.71), respectively. To investigate whether IQ scores are associated with deletion size, we examined individuals with the 3 Mb, AD (n = 1,353) and nested 1.5 Mb, AB (n = 74) deletions, since they comprised the largest subgroups. We found that full scale IQ was decreased by 6.25 points (P = 0.002), verbal IQ was decreased by 8.17 points (P = 0.0002) and performance IQ was decreased by 4.03 points (P = 0.028) in subjects with the AD versus AB deletion. Thus, individuals with the smaller, 1.5 Mb AB deletion have modestly higher IQ scores than those with the larger, 3 Mb AD deletion. Overall, the deletion of genes in the AB region largely explain the observed low IQ in the 22q11.2DS population. However, our results also indicate that haploinsufficiency of genes in the LCR22B-D region (BD) exert an additional negative impact on IQ. Furthermore, we did not find evidence of a confounding effect of severe congenital heart disease on IQ scores in our cohort.

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Measuring intellectual ability in cerebral palsy: The comparison of three tests and their neuroimaging correlates

Cited by 23 publications

References 96 publications

White matter integrity in dyskinetic cerebral palsy: Relationship with intelligence quotient and executive function

White matter integrity in dyskinetic cerebral palsy: Relationship with intelligence quotient and executive function

Individual differences in children’s global motion sensitivity correlate with TBSS-based measures of the superior longitudinal fasciculus

Variance of IQ is partially dependent on deletion type among 1,427 22q11.2 deletion syndrome subjects

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