Measuring Hispanic Optimism and Personal Expectancy
Richard C. Cervantes,
Rosa M. Gonzalez-Guarda,
Brian E. McCabe
et al.
Abstract:The purpose of this study was to develop the Hispanic Optimism and Personal Expectancy (HOPE), a measure of optimism related to the concept of the American Dream. This measure assesses beliefs that are shared by Hispanic/Latinx immigrants and non-immigrants about opportunities for advancement in the United States. Based on focus groups consisting of both immigrant and non-immigrant Hispanic/Latinx participants ( n = 93), twenty four (24) items for the measure were created from qualitative interviews. Separate … Show more
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