Measuring Health Inequalities Using the Concentration Index Approach

Kjellsson, Gustav; Gerdtham, Ulf G.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-375678-7.00206-6

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…It is a measure of the socioeconomic inequality in health based upon information on the socioeconomic ranks and the health levels of all individuals in the population. A positive index indicates that health is more concentrated in the rich, whereas the negative index indicates that health is more distributed in the poor [ 23 ]. Therefore, if the health variable is expressed positively among the rich, a positive index suggests a pro-rich distribution, and vice versa.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changing Income-Related Inequality in Daily Nutrients Intake: A Longitudinal Analysis from China

Zhu

Zhou

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Because of economic reform, dietary pattern in China changed rapidly during the past two decades. Meanwhile, the changes of income and nutrients intake had the same trend. This study aims to measure the income-related inequality in daily nutrients intake and its health-related income mobility over time. Data was sourced from four waves of China Health and Nutrition Survey. Concentration indexes and health-related income mobility indexes were employed to measure the income-related inequality of nutrients intake and its change over time. This study found that the daily protein intake, daily fat intake, daily energy intake, and proportion of energy from fat over 30% were more concentrated on the rich, whereas daily carbohydrates intake among the poor. The income-related inequalities were more severe than the cross-sectional perspective in the long run. The dynamic change of urbanisation indexes has resulted that over 30% of energy from fat was more concentrated among the rich and carbohydrates intake among the poor. The nutrition transition may bring about more severe disease economic burden to the poor in the future. This study recommends an approach to minimize gaps between rural and city areas by promoting rural revitalization to reduce the income-related inequality in daily nutrient intake.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changing Income-Related Inequality in Daily Nutrients Intake: A Longitudinal Analysis from China

Zhu

Zhou

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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“…Erreygers' goes from being s-relative to h-relative, while Wagstaff's goes in the opposite direction. This relationship explains the ranking pattern often seen in empirical applications (e.g., Erreygers, 2009b;Fleurbaey and Schokkaert, 2011;Kjellsson and Gerdtham, 2013a). For µ h > 0.5, the absolute and the s-relative indices, on the one hand, and Wagstaff's and the h-relative indices, on the other hand, tend to rank populations similarly.…”

Section: This Position Is Different From What Is Presented By Erreygementioning

confidence: 71%

Lost in Translation: Rethinking the Inequality Equivalence Criteria for Bounded Health Variables

Kjellsson¹,

Gerdtham²

2013

Health and Inequality

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What change in the distribution of a population's health preserves the level of inequality? The answer to the analogous question in the context of income inequality lies somewhere between a uniform and a proportional change. These polar positions represent the absolute and the relative Inequality Equivalence Criterion (IEC), respectively. A bounded health variable may be presented in terms of both health attainments and shortfalls. As a distributional change cannot simultaneously be proportional to attainments and to shortfalls, relative inequality measures may rank populations differently from the two perspectives. In contrast to the literature that stresses the importance of measuring inequality in attainments and shortfalls consistently using an absolute IEC, this paper formalizes a new compromise concept for a bounded variable by explicitly considering the two relative IECs, defined with respect to attainments and shortfalls, to represent the polar cases of defensible positions.We use a surplus-sharing approach to provide new insights on commonly used inequality indices by evaluating the underpinning IECs in terms of how infinitesimal surpluses of health must be successively distributed to preserve the level of inequality. We derive a one-parameter IEC that, unlike those implicit in commonly used indices, assigns constant weights to the polar cases independent of the health distribution.

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“…An alternative correction proposed by Erreygers (2009) is also appropriate for binary variables. As there is no clear consensus on the preferable correction method and the corrections impose differing value judgments, we also report results with the Erreygers correction in the Appendix (Kjellsson and Gerdtham, 2014). The concentration index for benefit incidence is the standard (uncorrected) concentration index, so for comparison purposes, we also present the standard concentration index for the utilization of QAACTs alongside the BIA results.…”

Section: Measuring Equitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Does subsidizing the private for‐profit sector benefit the poor? Evidence from national antimalarial subsidies in Nigeria and Uganda

2021

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The private for-profit sector plays an important role in providing essential public health products in most developing countries (Grépin, 2016). Subsidization is a common approach for improving access in the private sector, and many public health products have been subsidized, including treatments for malaria, pneumonia, diarrhea, and sexually transmitted infections; water purification tablets; condoms; and bed-nets (Schäferhoff & Yamey, 2011;Taylor & Yadav, 2011).

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Measuring Health Inequalities Using the Concentration Index Approach

Cited by 8 publications

References 15 publications

Changing Income-Related Inequality in Daily Nutrients Intake: A Longitudinal Analysis from China

Changing Income-Related Inequality in Daily Nutrients Intake: A Longitudinal Analysis from China

Lost in Translation: Rethinking the Inequality Equivalence Criteria for Bounded Health Variables

Does subsidizing the private for‐profit sector benefit the poor? Evidence from national antimalarial subsidies in Nigeria and Uganda

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