Measuring gun violence in police data sources: transitioning to NIBRS

Parker, Susan T.

doi:10.1186/s40621-022-00376-8

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 4 publications

(4 reference statements)

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“…According to Parker's article written in 2022 (Parker, 2022), more crimes have been perpetrated due to the widespread adoption, use, and growth of information and communication technologies. This has resulted in cybercrime becoming a significant issue for the international community.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This has resulted in cybercrime becoming a significant issue for the international community. Cybercrime is merely one type of transnational crime affected by the globalisation of information and communication technologies (Parker, 2022). Four characteristics distinguish cybercrimes from their terrestrial counterparts: the ability to learn how to commit them quickly and easily, the low resource requirements relative to the potential damage they cause, the possibility of commission in a given jurisdiction without the offender's actual presence there, and the fact that, in many cases, no actual laws are broken.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analyses of Cybercrime Regulations Falling behind New Technologies

Pervaiz¹,

Bhatti²

2023

JSSR

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Information and communication technology (ICT) and digital systems have developed to the point that they are indispensable to all industries, including Europe. The extensive use of preventative measures reflects the growing concern regarding cyber security. Concerns regarding cyber security in light of new technology are the primary focus of this review paper, which also discusses the problem of out-of-date cybercrime regulations. New technological advancements in cyber security, together with ethical considerations and external factors, are highlighted. To prevent sensitive data from falling into the wrong hands and jeopardising the security of the financial industry, the industry must continually analyse and improve its systems. In this review article, we examine more than twenty unique scholarly evaluations. The abstract and introduction comprise the first section of this review. In this review article, we discussed a variety of scholarly opinions on the topic as reviews. Typically, the final paragraph of an article includes a concise summary of the main arguments and supporting evidence presented in the body of the article. Moreover, security threats and challenges, as well as the most recent developments and emerging trends in cyber security, are discussed. People today are more inclined to conduct business on the internet than they were a decade ago. Likewise, it is more difficult than ever to retain what we have learnt. Additionally, a spike in cybercrime has been connected to the exponential expansion of social media platforms. Data security is of the utmost importance in the area of information technology. Information security is one of the most significant issues of the contemporary era. The term "cybersecurity" is always the first thing that comes to mind when discussing "cybercrimes," which are increasing at an alarming rate every day (Brands & Van Doorn, 2022). In order to combat this type of cybercrime, governments and corporations have created a variety of protective measures. The extensive use of preventative measures reflects the growing concern regarding cyber security. Concerns regarding cyber security in light of new technology are the primary focus of this review paper, which also discusses the problem of out-of-date cybercrime regulations. New technological advancements in cyber security, together with ethical considerations and external factors, are highlighted. It is well-known that the dynamic nature of the financial ecosystem will impact some aspect of the institution's infrastructure, as well as the financial sector's susceptibility to cybercrimes, particularly denial-of-service attacks (Brands & Van Doorn, 2022). To prevent sensitive data from falling into the wrong hands and jeopardising the security of the financial industry, the industry must continually analyse and improve its systems. The financial sector has been far ahead of other businesses in terms of investment and innovation in cyber security, with the banking industry at the forefront of safety system deployment and best practises. In this review article, we examine more than twenty unique scholarly evaluations. The abstract and introduction comprise the first section of this review. These introductions and abstracts elaborate on the most recent facts. Earlier, we discussed a variety of scholarly opinions on the topic as reviews. Typically, the final paragraph of an article includes a concise summary of the main arguments and supporting evidence presented in the body of the article. Moreover, security threats and challenges, as well as the most recent developments and emerging trends in cyber security, are discussed. The supplied comprehensive review study is anticipated to be beneficial for IT and cyber security specialists.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyses of Cybercrime Regulations Falling behind New Technologies

Pervaiz¹,

Bhatti²

2023

JSSR

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“…At the city level, police data can be helpful in monitoring and analyzing nonfatal shootings trends (Cook et al., 2019; Hipple et al., 2020). Unfortunately, the FBI's efforts to launch its National Incident Based Reporting System that shifts crime reporting from simple counts to more detailed incident‐level data have resulted in a sharp drop in law‐enforcement agency participation that prevents valid national estimates (Barber et al., 2022; Parker, 2022). Reforms are clearly needed to generate timely, accurate, and publicly accessible nonfatal shooting data from police departments and hospitals.…”

Section: Expanding the Public Health Approach To Gun Violence Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gun violence is a public health crisis that needs more applied criminologists

Braga

2022

Criminology & Public Policy

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Research SummaryGun violence was declared a “public health crisis” after shootings increased in many U.S. cities during the course of the COVID‐19 pandemic. The public health approach to gun violence prevention offers many advantages such as an applied research model, the mobilization of a wider range of stakeholders, and a commitment to harm reduction. Too often, however, the public health community seems unaware of criminological research on gun violence and avoids including criminal justice interventions in their comprehensive plans.Policy ImplicationsCommunities need immediate relief from the persistent trauma of repeated shootings. Criminal justice interventions represent important responses to outbreaks of gun violence that should be included among recommended public health programs intended to address proximate and upstream causes of gun violence. Gun violence prevention policy and practice would be strengthened by more deliberate attempts to foster complementary public health and criminology research and development collaborations. More applied criminologists need to become engaged in gun violence research to meet this call.

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“…NIBRS would be a vast improvement over the old system if most police departments joined it, but only 53% of 18 818 agencies had joined by 2021, and critically important agencies in large cities such as New York and Los Angeles have not. 8,9 Consequently, the FBI did not release quarterly 2021 crime estimates for states, and it has warned that the planned release of 2021 data will not include crime trend data nor estimates for some states and regions. 9 Despite these and other shortcomings, some important data systems are improving.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the FBI allowed this system to lapse in 2021, hoping law enforcement agencies across the country would switch to its new National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS). NIBRS would be a vast improvement over the old system if most police departments joined it, but only 53% of 18 818 agencies had joined by 2021, and critically important agencies in large cities such as New York and Los Angeles have not . Consequently, the FBI did not release quarterly 2021 crime estimates for states, and it has warned that the planned release of 2021 data will not include crime trend data nor estimates for some states and regions…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%