Measuring flow velocity under straw mulch using the improved electrolyte tracer method

Rahma, Abbas E.; Lei, Tingwu; Shi, Xiaonan; Dong, Yuequn; Zhou, Shumei; Jing, Zhao

doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.04.049

Cited by 33 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Friction resistance of frozen soil slope depends on moisture content of soil and mixture condition between soil particles and ice. Friction resistance over frozen soil surface was much lower than that over thawed and/or nonfrozen soil surface resulting in higher flow velocity over frozen soil slope, more serious soil erosion, and sediment transportation (Rahma et al, ; Shi, Huang, Ai, Fang, & Wu, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water flow velocity over frozen and nonfrozen black soil slopes

Chen

Ban

Lei

et al. 2018

Hydrological Processes

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Ice-and snow-melted water flow over partially thawed frozen soil of cultivated slopes causes serious soil erosion, which results in soil degradation and affects productivity in Northeast China. Water flow velocity over frozen and nonfrozen soil shows importance in understanding meltwater erosion. In this work, a series of laboratory experiments were conducted to measure water flow velocity over frozen and nonfrozen soil slopes. Experiments were performed using the electrolyte trace method under the pulse boundary model, under conditions of 4 slope gradients (5°, 10°, 15°, and 20°), 3 flow rates (1, 2, and 4 L/min), and 7 sensors positioned at 0.1, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, and 6.0 m away from the electrolyte injection point. Results showed that velocities over frozen soil slopes increased with flow rate and slope gradient. Flow velocities over nonfrozen soil slopes increased with flow rate and slope gradients from 5°t o 15°and stabilized at 15°. Flow velocities over frozen soil slopes were 30%, 54%, 71%, and 91% higher than those over nonfrozen ones at slope gradients of 5°, 10°, 15°, and 20°. Flow velocities over frozen soil slopes under different flow rates of 1, 2, and 4 L/min were approximately 52%, 59%, and 79% higher than those over nonfrozen soil, respectively. This study can help in assessing the erosion of partially thawed frozen soil by meltwater flow. KEYWORDS electrolyte trace method, frozen/nonfrozen slope, soil erosion, velocity

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water flow velocity over frozen and nonfrozen black soil slopes

Chen

Ban

Lei

et al. 2018

Hydrological Processes

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“…The V is one of the most important hydraulic parameters for modelling soil erosion because it depends on the flow discharge, slope gradient, topography and surface condition (Zhang et al, 2002;Rahma et al, 2013). Furthermore, the gravitational force in the slope direction increases with slope gradient increase, which accelerates the flow velocity (and vice versa) (Gong, et al, 2011).…”

Section: Dynamic Flow Variationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study on the spatial variation of hydrodynamic parameters for hillslope-gully side erosion system in loess landscapes

Wei

2015

Proc. IAHS

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Abstract. On the Chinese Loess Plateau many hydraulic parameters related to soil erosion are highly variable and often cross-correlated. Hillslope-gully side erosion systems are widespread on the Loess Plateau, but the quantification between the hydraulic parameters is still unknown for the system. A constant headwater scouring experiment in the laboratory was performed in this study and combined a model with two slope segments (with hillslope and gully sides). Five inflow rates of 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 L/min were used. Some hydraulic parameters (the flow velocity, shear stress, unit stream power, Reynolds Number, Froude Number, Darcy-Weisbach friction factor, and Manning coefficient) were analysed. Regression equations were developed for the parameters. The results provide a basis for in-depth research regarding the erosion processes of hillslope-gully side erosion systems.

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“…The incorporated crop straw can improve soil structure and considerably change soil properties related to Dc through the decomposition of straw, that is, by increasing SOM and Coh, enhancing soil aggregate stability, and decreasing BD (Getahun et al, 2018; Rahma et al, 2013; Singh et al, 2016). Crop straw, widely distributed on topsoil by tillage practices, is wrapped by splashed soil particles, which forms a straw‐soil matrix and increases soil tensile strength (Sun et al, 2016; Yao, Zhang, Mo, et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of seasonal variation in soil detachment capacity to straw incorporation in sloping farmland on the Loess Plateau

et al. 2022

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Soil detachment capacity by rill flow (Dc) is sensitive to changes in topsoil properties generated by crop straw incorporation. In the present study, we investigated the effect of crop straw incorporation on the seasonal variation in Dc, the knowledge regarding which is limited currently, and identified the key influencing factors. Three typical crop straw types (wheat, soybean, and maize) were selected for this study. Soil samples incorporated with crop straw and without crop straw were collected over 375 days (from October 1, 2020 to October 10, 2021) and were subjected to a hydraulic flume (length, 4.0 m; width, 0.2 m) to determine Dc. The topsoil properties soil bulk density (BD), soil cohesion (Coh), soil penetration resistance (PR), soil organic matter content (SOM), mean weight diameter (MWD), and straw decomposition rate (SDR) were measured to explain the seasonal variation in Dc. The results showed that crop straw incorporation effectively reduced Dc, and the Dc for the soil incorporated with straw decreased by 25.92%–38.76% compared with that without straw incorporation. Dc exhibited a significant decreasing trend over time, and the Dc at the end stage decreased by 83.00%–88.31%, compared with the initial stage. Seasonal variation in Dc was significantly correlated with BD, Coh, PR, SOM, MWD, and SDR. The measured Dc decreased with BD and Coh as a power function and with SOM and MWD as an exponential function. The influence of straw incorporation on Dc is time‐dependent and can be divided into short‐term and long‐term effects. Natural soil consolidation gradually masked the effect of straw residue with the decomposition of the incorporated straw. The comprehensive response of seasonal variation in Dc to straw incorporation was described by a power combination equation (Dc = 1.23 τ1.65 BD−2.63 Coh−1.33 SOM−0.70; R2 = 0.96). Thus, the seasonal variations in Dc with straw incorporation were mainly controlled by the changes in soil properties triggered by the decomposition of incorporated straw and natural soil consolidation. The results of this study provided a scientific reference for soil erosion prediction and control in sloping farmlands.

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Measuring flow velocity under straw mulch using the improved electrolyte tracer method

Cited by 33 publications

References 19 publications

Water flow velocity over frozen and nonfrozen black soil slopes

Water flow velocity over frozen and nonfrozen black soil slopes

Experimental study on the spatial variation of hydrodynamic parameters for hillslope-gully side erosion system in loess landscapes

Response of seasonal variation in soil detachment capacity to straw incorporation in sloping farmland on the Loess Plateau

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