Measuring depth of sedation in intensive care patients with the electroencephalographic Narcotrend Index

Abstract

When used for assessment of propofol sedation in postsurgical cardiac intensive care unit patients, the Narcotrend Index can distinguish between very light and deep sedation. With respect to differentiation between light and moderate or moderate and deep sedation, the Narcotrend Index was not reliable in this study.

Sedation and regional anesthesia

“…These results confirm previous observations demonstrating limited abilities of BIS to discriminate between different levels of light sedation [11,12]. The electroencephalographic Narcotrend index was evaluated as a measure of sedation in intensive care settings [13]. Sedation was performed with either propofol or placebo, and clinical assessment was performed by means of the Richmond agitationsedation scale.…”

Vascular Pathology and Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption in Cognitive and Psychiatric Complications of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

“…Neuropsychiatric disorders are also associated with inflammatory reaction and cerebrovascular impairments. Brain injuries that often involve BBB breakdown and astrocytic response increase the risk for neuropsychiatric sequelae, including personality changes, depression, anxiety, dementia, and perhaps psychosis [135, 136]. T2DM patients show higher susceptibility to cerebrovascular diseases which according to our hypothesis may explain the increased incidence of cognitive deterioration, depression, vascular dementia, lacunar infarcts, hemorrhages and Alzheimer's disease among these patients.…”

Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Pain, Agitation, and Delirium in Adult Patients in the Intensive Care Unit

“…(244,248,258,(265)(266)(267)(268)(269)(270)(271)(272)(273)(274)(275)(276)(277)(278)(279). Additional testing of the remaining scales is needed to better assess their reliability and validity in determining depth of sedation in critically ill patients.…”