Measuring complex for examination the combustion products’ composition and the soot particulate sol microstructure

Abstract

A measuring complex of spectral instrumentation for examination of the ingredient composition, optical characteristics and microstructure of the dispersed phase of the combustion products of energy fuels and atmospheric anthropogenic emissions is discussed. The measuring complex includes a multi-pass cell with external and internal electric heating, which makes it possible to change the temperature of the radiation propagation medium in a multi-pass cell in the temperature range of 300-800 K, in the pressure range of 1*10 2 ≤ P ≤ 3*10 6 Pa with optical path L = 2, 4, 6, ... 30 m. Registration of spectra is performed by an upgraded spectrometer IKS-31 with interchangeable sources and radiation receivers, interchangeable diffraction gratings and cut-off light filters, interchangeable quartz windows, CaF2, LiF, MgF2, IKS-25, KRS-5, ensuring their operation in the spectral region of 0.2-100 μm with the spectral resolution limit Δ = 0.2 cm -1 . The measuring complex has a complete metrological assurance. The obtained data on the spectral dependences of the effective cross sections for absorption, scattering, and attenuation of radiation are used to restore the microstructure of the dispersed phase of the combustion products. The atmospheric emissions of combustion products of wood, industrial energy, air carriers, decomposition products of asbestos-cement slabs during their calcinations were analyzed.

Calculation of efficiency of work of converters of energy of solar heat and electric stations

“…are determined only by scattered radiation. In all cases, the absorption of radiation by the atmosphere is calculated taking into account the sharp selection of absorption spectra by the gas phase of the atmosphere by the two-parameter method of equivalent mass [4,7] or by the method of direct numerical simulation of the fine structure of molecular absorption spectra [8][9][10]. The temperature of the coolant at the outlet of the solar collector is determined from the radiation balance equation: where…”

“…When modeling the optical characteristics of atmospheric, anthropogenic aerosols and clouds, an electronic database of optical characteristics was used, prepared using the calculated data of polydisperse ensembles of particles of various chemical compositions, developed in the interests of global modeling of radiation heat transfer [10] and in environments disturbed by strong natural and anthropogenic impacts [11][12][13].…”

“…2 shows the dependence of the ratio of the spectral coefficients σ а а /σ а of the absorption cross sections σ а а to the radiation attenuation cross section σ а on the imaginary part of the complex refractive index χ for polydisperse urban aerosol at different wavelengths λ, which characterize the strong dependence of the optical characteristics of atmospheric aerosol on anthropogenic emissions of soot ash. A characteristic feature of soot ash is the fact that particles of soot ash practically do not scatter radiation into the rear hemisphere [11][12][13].…”

Application of high optical technologies to determine the temperature field, ingredient composition and microstructure of the dispersed phase of combustion products of energy fuels

“…In fig. 3 shows the particle size distributions for methane-air, propane-butane-air, acetylene-air flame [16]. а b Fig.…”

Numerical modeling of radiation heat exchange in combustion chambers and heat exchangers of power installations

“…As a result of these studies, the influence of non-equilibrium processes on radiation heat transfer was revealed [1][2][3], the radiation characteristics of water vapor in the spectral region 0.2-25 μm [11] were investigated, the spectral transmission functions and parameters of spectral lines were determined, and high-temperature atlases of the parameters of spectral lines of CO 2 were prepared [12]. The environmental impact of atmospheric anthropogenic emissions is considered in [13- 16,18]. Numerical modeling of complex radiation heat transfer with the solution of the problem of the transfer of selective radiation from aerial carriers in the atmosphere is considered in [17,22,23].…”