Measuring cell surface elasticity on enteroaggregative Escherichia coli wild type and dispersin mutant by AFM

Beckmann, M.; Venkataraman, Sankar; Doktycz, Mitchel J.; Nataro, James P.; Sullivan, Claretta J.; Morrell‐Falvey, Jennifer L.; Allison, David P.

doi:10.1016/j.ultramic.2006.02.006

Cited by 47 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In order to begin examining the ultrastructure of the C. albicans cell wall, we used atomic force microscopy (AFM), as it gives high-resolution images of the cell wall in a liquid environment without damaging the sample. This allows real-time imaging of metabolically active samples (50)(51)(52)(53). First, we needed to immobilize the cells on a suitable surface.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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β-(1,3)-Glucan Unmasking in Some Candida albicans Mutants Correlates with Increases in Cell Wall Surface Roughness and Decreases in Cell Wall Elasticity

et al. 2017

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Candida albicans is among the most common human fungal pathogens, causing a broad range of infections, including life-threatening systemic infections. The cell wall of C. albicans is the interface between the fungus and the innate immune system. The cell wall is composed of an outer layer enriched in mannosylated glycoproteins (mannan) and an inner layer enriched in ␤-(1,3)-glucan and chitin. Detection of C. albicans by Dectin-1, a C-type signaling lectin specific for ␤-(1,3)-glucan, is important for the innate immune system to recognize systemic fungal infections. Increased exposure of ␤-(1,3)-glucan to the immune system occurs when the mannan layer is altered or removed in a process called unmasking. Nanoscale changes to the cell wall during unmasking were explored in live cells with atomic force microscopy (AFM). Two mutants, the cho1Δ/Δ and kre5Δ/Δ mutants, were selected as representatives that exhibit modest and strong unmasking, respectively. Comparisons of the cho1Δ/Δ and kre5Δ/Δ mutants to the wild type reveal morphological changes in their cell walls that correlate with decreases in cell wall elasticity. In addition, AFM tips functionalized with Dectin-1 revealed that the forces of binding of Dectin-1 to all of the strains were similar, but the frequency of binding was highest for the kre5Δ/Δ mutant, decreased for the cho1Δ/Δ mutant, and rare for the wild type. These data show that nanoscale changes in surface topology are correlated with increased Dectin-1 adhesion and decreased cell wall elasticity. AFM, using tips functionalized with immunologically relevant molecules, can map epitopes of the cell wall and increase our understanding of pathogen recognition by the immune system.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This was achieved by using gelatin-coated mica surfaces. This positively charged surface was developed for imaging bacterial cells in a liquid environment (52)(53)(54) and was extended here for mounting C. albicans cells. In Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

β-(1,3)-Glucan Unmasking in Some Candida albicans Mutants Correlates with Increases in Cell Wall Surface Roughness and Decreases in Cell Wall Elasticity

et al. 2017

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“…For example, the comprehensive surface structures of live endothelial cells (ECs), including rigid cytoskeletal elements along the flat filamentous membrane structures, have been investigated at the nano-scale by AFM (Kienberger et al, 2003;Pesen and Hoh, 2005). The topography of live ECs, including the induced shape/volume changes (Braet et al, 2001;Han et al, 2003;Oberleithner et al, 2003), elasticity, adhesion, surface structure and swarming behavior, has been extensively studied (Beckmann et al, 2006;Benoit et al, 2000;Costa et al, 2006;Liu et al, 2006;Pelling et al, 2006;Puech et al, 2006). Recently, AFM has been applied delicately to detect vacuoles through mechanical measurements in whole cells that might accelerate the investigation of fluid-filled organelles closer to physiological conditions (Riethmuller et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative atomic force and scanning electron microscopy: An investigation of structural differentiation of hepatic stellate cells

Chang

Tsai

Cheng

et al. 2009

Journal of Structural Biology

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] The atomic force microscopy (AFM) was invented in 1986 8 , and since then, it has been used to image stainless steel 9-13 as well as bacterial cells. [14][15][16][17][18] To generate images using AFM, a cantilever is rastered over a surface, and the change in location of a reflected laser focused on the top of the cantilever is used to monitor the surface topography of the sample. Compared to other imaging methods such as confocal scanning laser microscopy or scanning electron microscopy, the advantage to imaging with AFM is that the visualization of bacterial biofilms can be performed without extensive preparation of the sample.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Contact Time, Pressure, Percent Relative Humidity (%RH), and Material Type on Listeria Biofilm Adhesive Strength at a Cellular Level Using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM)

Rodrı́guez

Autio²,

McLandsborough

2008

Food Biophysics

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Whereas the transfer of Listeria from surfaces to foods and vice versa has been well documented, little is known about the mechanism of bacterial transfer. The objective of this work is to gain a better understanding of the forces involved in listerial biofilms adhesion using atomic force microscopy (AFM). L. monocytogenes Scott A was grown as biofilms on stainless steel surfaces by inoculating stainless steel coupons with Listeria and incubating the coupons for 48 h at 32°C with a diluted 1:20 tryptic soy broth. After growth, biofilms were equilibrated over saturated salt solutions at a constant relative humidity (%RH) before measurement of adhesion forces using AFM. The effects of contact time, loading force, and biofilm relative humidity (%RH) suggested that neither contact time, loading force nor biofilm %RH had a significant effect on biofilm adhesiveness at a cellular level (P>0.05). In a second set of experiments, the influence of material type on biofilm adhesiveness was evaluated using two different colloidal probes (SiO 2 and polyethylene). Results showed that the maximum pull-off force and retraction work needed to retract the cantilever for glass (−85.42 nN and 1.610 −15 J, respectively) were significantly lower than those of polyethylene (−113.38 nN and 2.7× 10 -15 J, respectively; P<0.001). The results of this study suggest that Listeria biofilms adhere more strongly to hydrophobic surfaces than hydrophilic surfaces when measured at a cellular level. These results provide important insights that could lead to new ways to remediate and avoid listerial biofilm formation in the food industry.

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Measuring cell surface elasticity on enteroaggregative Escherichia coli wild type and dispersin mutant by AFM

Cited by 47 publications

References 32 publications

β-(1,3)-Glucan Unmasking in Some Candida albicans Mutants Correlates with Increases in Cell Wall Surface Roughness and Decreases in Cell Wall Elasticity

β-(1,3)-Glucan Unmasking in Some Candida albicans Mutants Correlates with Increases in Cell Wall Surface Roughness and Decreases in Cell Wall Elasticity

Comparative atomic force and scanning electron microscopy: An investigation of structural differentiation of hepatic stellate cells

Effects of Contact Time, Pressure, Percent Relative Humidity (%RH), and Material Type on Listeria Biofilm Adhesive Strength at a Cellular Level Using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM)

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