Measuring active living in Canada: A time-use perspective

Spinney, Jamie; Millward, Hugh; Scott, Darren M.

doi:10.1016/j.ssresearch.2010.09.003

Cited by 18 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Results from previous research indicate high rates of "enhanced active living" (using a 4.0 MET and 60-min threshold rather than the 3.5 MET and 21-min threshold used in the current study) for respondents age 65years and older in the order of 38.1% in 1992, 36.6% in 1998, and 30.6% in 2005(Spinney, Millward, & Scott, 2011. Similar differences were reported for males and females and season, but that study failed to control for other factors and did not provide any insights into the inherently heterogeneous group of Canadians age 65 years and older.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…The process of harmonizing the CPA and GSS-TU coding schemes is described in detail elsewhere (Spinney, Millward, & Scott, 2011), and SPSS syntax is available from the corresponding author. By harmonizing the GSS-TU and CPA coding schemes, objective measures of energy expenditure (i.e., MET) values were applied to the four survey cycles of GSS-TU data.…”

Section: Data Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Millward and Spinney (2011) linked the CPA coding scheme with a regional time use survey (i.e., the STAR project) that was conducted in Halifax, Nova Scotia, to examine rates of active living along the "rural-urban continuum." In addition, and of particular relevance to the current study, Spinney, Millward, and Scott (2011) describe the methods, heuristics, and challenges in fusing Statistics Canada's General Social Survey Time Use (GSS-TU) coding scheme with the CPA coding scheme, and also measured rates of active living among Canadian adults age 15 years and older. The latter two studies both stratify their results by age, which affords an initial glimpse into the rates of active living among older Canadians and both studies indicate that respondents 65 years and older exhibited among the highest rates of active living.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Active Living Among Older Canadians: A Time-Use Perspective Over 3 Decades

Spinney

Millward²

2014

Journal of Aging and Physical Activity

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This research uses four nationally representative samples of time diary data, spanning almost 30 yr, that are fused with energy expenditure information to enumerate the median daily duration of moderate or vigorous effort activity, quantify the prevalence of Canadians age 65 yr and older who are meeting recommended daily levels of physical activity, and explore the factors affecting rates of active living. Results indicate that 41.1% of older Canadians met recommended levels of physical activity in 1992, 40.6% in 1998, 43.5% in 2005, and 39.6% in 2010. Both rates of active living and daily duration of aerobic activity exhibit significant differences among sociodemographic groups, with age, sex, activity limitation, urban-rural, and season exhibiting the most significant influences. This study illustrates the potential for time diary data to provide detailed surveillance of physical activity patterns, active aging research, and program development, as well.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Section: Data Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Active Living Among Older Canadians: A Time-Use Perspective Over 3 Decades

Spinney

Millward²

2014

Journal of Aging and Physical Activity

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“…Inspired by and building on the work of Ainsworth, Tudor-Locke, and Spinney and their colleagues [11, 15, 16, 22, 23, 28], we view our calculations as a methodological and pragmatic contribution to future investigation into the objective measurement of OA using standard occupational classification systems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attaching metabolic expenditures to standard occupational classification systems: perspectives from time-use research

et al. 2017

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BackgroundTraditionally, time-use data have been used to inform a broad range of economic and sociological research topics. One of the new areas in time-use research is the study of physical activity (PA) and physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE). Time-use data can be used to study PAEE by assigning MET values to daily activities using the Ainsworth Compendium of Physical Activities. Although most diarists record their daily activities accurately and in detail, they are only required to record their paid working hours, not the job-specific tasks they undertake. This makes it difficult to assign MET values to paid work episodes.MethodsIn this methodological paper, we explain how we addressed this problem by using the detailed information about respondents’ occupational status included in time-use survey household and individual questionnaires. We used the 2008 ISCO manual, a lexicon of the International Labour Organization of occupational titles and their related job-specific tasks. We first assigned a MET value to job-specific tasks using the Ainsworth compendium (2011) then calculated MET values for each of the 436 occupations in the ISCO-08 manual by averaging all job-specific MET values for each occupation.ResultsThe ISCO-08 Major Groups of ‘elementary occupations’ and ‘craft and related trades workers’ are associated with high PAEE variation in terms of their job-specific MET values and together represented 21.6% of the Belgian working population in 2013. We recommend that these occupational categories should be prioritised for further in-depth research into occupational activity (OA).ConclusionsWe developed a clear and replicable procedure to calculate occupational activity for all ISCO-08 occupations. All of our calculations are attached to this manuscript which other researchers may use, replicate and refine.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12889-017-4546-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Whilst diaries are used as a data collection method by some public and population health researchers (e.g. Brunner, Juneja and Marmot 2001;Millward and Spinney 2011;Spinney et al 2011;van der Ploeg et al 2010), they are not routinely employed to estimate the extent and distribution of time devoted to physical activity (PA) across large populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing Self-Report Time-Use Diaries against Objective Instruments in Real Time

Gershuny

Harms

Thomas

et al. 2019

Sociological Methodology

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This study provides a new test of time-use diary methodology, comparing diaries with a pair of objective criterion measures: wearable cameras and accelerometers. A volunteer sample of respondents ( n = 148) completed conventional self-report paper time-use diaries using the standard UK Harmonised European Time Use Study (HETUS) instrument. On the diary day, respondents wore a camera that continuously recorded images of their activities during waking hours (approximately 1,500–2,000 images/day) and also an accelerometer that tracked their physical activity continuously throughout the 24-hour period covered by the diary. Of the initial 148 participants recruited, 131 returned usable diary and camera records, of whom 124 also provided a usable whole-day accelerometer record. The comparison of the diary data with the camera and accelerometer records strongly supports the use of diary methodology at both the aggregate (sample) and individual levels. It provides evidence that time-use data could be used to complement physical activity questionnaires for providing population-level estimates of physical activity. It also implies new opportunities for investigating techniques for calibrating metabolic equivalent of task (MET) attributions to daily activities using large-scale, population-representative time-use diary studies.

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Measuring active living in Canada: A time-use perspective

Cited by 18 publications

References 41 publications

Active Living Among Older Canadians: A Time-Use Perspective Over 3 Decades

Active Living Among Older Canadians: A Time-Use Perspective Over 3 Decades

Attaching metabolic expenditures to standard occupational classification systems: perspectives from time-use research

Testing Self-Report Time-Use Diaries against Objective Instruments in Real Time

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