Measuring accessibility to public services and infrastructure criticality for disasters risk management

Abstract

Component criticality analysis of infrastructure systems has traditionally focused on physical networks rather than infrastructure services. As an example, a key objective of transport infrastructure is to ensure mobility and resilient access to public services, including for the population, service providers, and associated supply chains. We introduce a new user-centric measure for estimating infrastructure criticality and urban accessibility to critical public services - particularly healthcare facilities without loss of generality - and the effects of disaster-induced infrastructure disruptions. Accessibility measures include individuals’ choices of all services in each sector. The approach is scalable and modular while preserving detailed features necessary for local planning decisions. It relies on open data to simulate various disaster scenarios, including floods, seismic, and compound shocks. We present results for Lima, Peru, and Manila, Philippines, to illustrate how the approach identifies the most affected areas by shocks, underserved populations, and changes in accessibility and critical infrastructure components. We capture the changes in people’s choices of health service providers under each scenario. For Lima, we show that the floods of 2020 caused an increase in average access times to all health services from 33 minutes to 48 minutes. We identify specific critical road segments for ensuring access under each scenario. For Manila, we locate the 22% of the population who lost complete access to all higher health services due to flooding of over 15 cm. The approach is used to identify and prioritize targeted measures to strengthen the resilience of critical public services and their supporting infrastructure systems, while putting the population at the center of decision-making.

Perception and Usage of Telemedicine Among National Health Insurance Participants in Padang City

“…Accessibility in telemedicine services can be interpreted not from the reach of health services from the patient's distance, but from the ease of accessing health services online for participants as telemedicine users. Accessibility is included in enabling factors include the infrastructure and facilities that are in place to enable or facilitate health behaviour or health actions taken by respondents 17,18 . E-health applications can increase the service accessibility for both customers and health professionals.…”

Blending Efficiency and Resilience in the Performance Assessment of Urban Intersections: A Novel Heuristic Informed by Literature Review

“…The study also underscored the importance of efficient intersection management for overall urban mobility, particularly in disaster-risk scenarios, ensuring swift access to emergency services, and optimizing evacuation routes. Tariverdi et al [50] underscored the critical role of intersection management in ensuring accessibility to essential services, focusing on healthcare facilities. The study identified areas affected by shocks, underserved populations, and changes in accessibility.…”

Quantifying climate risks to infrastructure systems: A comparative review of developments across infrastructure sectors

“…There is a growing recognition that these sectors heavily rely on other supporting infrastructure. Evaluation of social infrastructure interdependencies on a single building level [95], on regional scales [96,97] and on national scales [76] has enabled road-based accessibility studies of health sites and emergency services during climate events [98,99] and network-wide hazard adaptation appraisals [100]. However, modelling frameworks capturing the operational recovery of healthcare and educational services after climate-related disruptions remain understudied.…”