Measures of relative equality and their meaning in terms of social welfare

Blackorby, Charles; Donaldson, David

doi:10.1016/0022-0531(78)90042-x

Cited by 321 publications

(147 citation statements)

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“…In principle, and as demonstrated by Blackorby and Donaldson (1978), relative inequality indices can be linked to a particular social evaluation function. For the S-Gini, a simple method for determining useful ranges of v is presented by Duclos (2000).…”

Section: Simulating the Impact Of Inflation On The Progressivity Of Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulating the impact of inflation on the progressivity of personal income tax in Brazil

Levy¹,

Nogueira²,

Siqueira³

et al. 2010

Rev. Bras. Econ.

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Income tax reform in Brazil has mainly stressed changes in rates, aiming at increasing its progressivity. One aspect frequently overlooked is that, in the absence of adjustments of the tax rules to inflation, the level and distribution of the income tax burden can be substantially affected. We use a microsimulation model to simulate the potential revenue and distributive effects of inflation on the income tax in Brazil. Our findings suggest that if the income tax is not adjusted for inflation, progressivity would decrease but redistribution would increase due to a larger tax burden, but income inequality would not substantially change.
No Brasil, reformas do imposto de renda têm enfatizado mudanças nas alíquotas, objetivando o aumento de sua progressividade. Um aspecto frequentemente desconsiderado é que, na ausência de ajustamentos das regras do imposto em relação à inflação, o nível e distribuição da carga do imposto podem ser substancialmente afetados. Utilizamos um modelo de microssimulação para estimar os potenciais efeitos distributivos e arrecadatórios da inflação sobre o imposto de renda no Brasil. Os resultados sugerem que não ajustando o imposto de renda de acordo com a inflação, sua progressividade diminui e seu efeito distributivo aumenta. Entretanto, a desigualdade de renda não muda significativamente

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Section: Simulating the Impact Of Inflation On The Progressivity Of Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulating the impact of inflation on the progressivity of personal income tax in Brazil

Levy¹,

Nogueira²,

Siqueira³

et al. 2010

Rev. Bras. Econ.

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show abstract

“…In Table 3, we estimate the contribution of each component of monetary and full income to total inequality and the corresponding elasticities of inequality using factor component analysis (Shorrocks, 1982). For the purposes of the analysis, we employ the parametric Gini index (Blackorby and Donaldson, 1978). The higher (lower) the value of the inequality parameter n (in our case n = 0.5, 2 and 4), the more sensitive the index to changes close to the bottom (top) of the distribution.…”

Section: Structure Of Inequalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The distribution of full income in Greece

Koutsampelas

Τσακλόγλου

2013

International Journal of Social Economics

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. www.econstor.eu The Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) in Bonn is a local and virtual international research center and a place of communication between science, politics and business. IZA is an independent nonprofit organization supported by Deutsche Post Foundation. The center is associated with the University of Bonn and offers a stimulating research environment through its international network, workshops and conferences, data service, project support, research visits and doctoral program. IZA engages in (i) original and internationally competitive research in all fields of labor economics, (ii) development of policy concepts, and (iii) dissemination of research results and concepts to the interested public. Terms of use: Documents in D I S C U S S I O N P A P E R S E R I E SIZA Discussion Papers often represent preliminary work and are circulated to encourage discussion. Citation of such a paper should account for its provisional character. A revised version may be available directly from the author. ABSTRACT The Distribution of Full Income in Greece *Non-cash incomes from either private or public sources can have substantial effects on the distribution of economic welfare. However, standard approaches to inequality measurement either neglect them or take into account only selected non-monetary items. Using data for Greece in the mid 2000s we show that it is possible to incorporate a comprehensive list of non-monetary components into the analysis of income inequality. The results indicate that inequality declines sharply when we move from the distribution of disposable monetary income to the distribution of full income, that includes both cash and non-cash incomes. Both private and public non-cash incomes are far more equally distributed than monetary income, but the inequality-reducing effect of publicly provided in-kind services is stronger. The structure of inequality changes when non-cash incomes are included in the concept of resources, but the effects are not dramatic. Non-cash incomes appear to accrue more heavily to younger and older individuals, thus reducing differences across age groups.JEL Classification: D31, I38

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“…The Gini coefficient of equality is defined as twice the area under the Lorenz curve. It can be shown that if π i = (2i − 1)/n 2 , the equality rating γ is equal to the Gini coefficient of equality (Blackorby and Donaldson, 1978). Hence, the rank-dependent QALY model contains the social welfare function underlying the Gini coefficient as a special case.…”

Section: The Term Q I /µ Q Indicates the Slope Of The Lorenz Curve Fomentioning

confidence: 99%

Equity weights in the allocation of health care: the rank-dependent QALY model

Bleichrodt

Diecidue

Quiggin

2004

Journal of Health Economics

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This paper introduces the rank-dependent quality-adjusted life-years (QALY) model, a new method to aggregate QALYs in economic evaluations of health care. The rank-dependent QALY model permits the formalization of influential concepts of equity in the allocation of health care, such as the fair innings approach, and it includes as special cases many of the social welfare functions that have been proposed in the literature. An important advantage of the rank-dependent QALY model is that it offers a straightforward procedure to estimate equity weights for QALYs. We characterize the rank-dependent QALY model and argue that its central condition has normative appeal.

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Measures of relative equality and their meaning in terms of social welfare

Cited by 321 publications

References 10 publications

Simulating the impact of inflation on the progressivity of personal income tax in Brazil

Simulating the impact of inflation on the progressivity of personal income tax in Brazil

The distribution of full income in Greece

Equity weights in the allocation of health care: the rank-dependent QALY model

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