Measurements of the electron density and degree of plasma ionization in a plasma target based on a linear electric discharge in hydrogen

The Charge State of Protons with 90 and 100 keV Energies Decelerated in Hydrogen Plasma

“…e plasma state has been diagnosed by Kuznetsov, and in our experiment, the plasma state can be determined by the initial gas pressure and discharge voltage based on the results presented in [38]. e initial energy loss ΔE for 100 and 90 keV protons was measured to be 5.02 and 7.73 keV before discharge.…”

“…Laser and Particle Beams degree of the plasma are found to be 3.35 * 10 17 cm −2 and 3.75 * 10 17 cm −2 , and 0.76 and 0.44, respectively, at the peak stage of discharge (around 3 μs). e linear free-and boundelectron density can be obtained by ref [38]. Figure 2 shows the free-and bound-electron density (the initial gas pressure was about 0.81 mbar, and the voltage was 3 kV), where n b and n f denote the linear bound-and free-electron density, respectively.…”

“…e plasma linear electron density has been determined by the laser interferometry techniques [38]. e length of the gas column in the target is limited to about 220 mm.…”

Significant Contribution of Projectile Excited States to the Stopping of Slow Helium Ions in Hydrogen Plasma

“…When the discharging current reaches the maximum at around 3us after discharging, the temporal gradients of the electromagnetic field and the plasma parameters are minimum, and the free electron density in plasma reaches the maximum. The plasma parameters at the peak-discharging time are very well diagnosed, the linear free electron density and the ionization degree are 4.48 • 10 17 /cm 2 and 31%, respectively [30]. So in the following we discuss the data at this time and compare it with our theoretical approaches and others.…”

“…The typical lifetime of the plasma is several microseconds, which is two orders of magnitude longer than the ion-plasma interaction time in our measurements (It takes 50 ns for the 100 keV/u helium ion passing though the plasma). The plasma parameters were well characterised by means of Mach-Zehnder interferometer [30]. A similar plasma device has been successfully used in the previous experiments in higher energy regime [31].…”