Measurements of terpene emissions from wood chip piles using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)

Axelsson, Håkan; Bostrom, Curt-Åke; Cooper, D.M.; Svedberg, Urban

doi:10.3183/npprj-1992-07-03-p155-157

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Norway Spruce wood chips in heaps outdoors in a temperature of 12°C emit at most 64 mg terpene/m 3 (Axelsson et al [6]). In wood chips the terpene content decrease rapidly, with 4% loss in the first week (Marutzky [7]).…”

Section: Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

Wood processing as a source of terpene emissions compared to natural sources

Granström¹

2007

WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment, Vol 101

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The aim of this paper is to analyse the importance of terpene emissions from forestry and the wood industry and relate these anthropogenic emissions to the natural terpene emissions from undisturbed forests. Biogenic volatile organic compounds are emitted naturally from trees and other plants. Boreal forests are dominated by terpene-emitting tree species. Anthropogenic terpene emissions occur due to drying, machining and tooling of wood. This is a cause of concern with regulatory authorities faced with expanding production of biofuels, e.g. wood pellets. Anthropogenic terpene emissions are of current importance as the use of biofuels has increased considerably over the recent years. The most important environmental effects of terpene emissions are due to the formation of photo-oxidants and atmospheric aerosols. Photo-oxidants cause forest and crop damage, and are harmful to humans. Carbonaceous aerosols have an impact on climate change. Furthermore, most sesquiterpenes are used in the chemical communication systems of various insects. There are also issues concerning the working environment in the wood industry. Environmental effects of terpene emissions are analysed with focus on three key aspects: the total amount of emissions, the concentration in air and the types of terpenes emitted. The reported concentrations of monoterpenes are in most cases below the occupational exposure limits, with drum barking and pellets production from non-dried sawdust close to the limit. Anthropogenically emitted terpenes have a higher proportion of sesquiterpenes than naturally emitted terpenes have, especially when the processing of wood involves elevated temperatures.

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Section: Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

Wood processing as a source of terpene emissions compared to natural sources

Granström¹

2007

WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment, Vol 101

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“…In mills that pulp eucalyptus are often plagued with pitch deposition problems caused by the precipitation of ellagic acid soaps by the addition of magnesium and sodium ions a rapid identification of the acid in deposits by IR spectrometry is feasible (Sjestrom et al [54]). FTIR also is used to monitor volatile terpenes firom chip piles (Axelsson et al [55]) and a rapid spectrophotometric procedure for the determination of total resin and fatty acids in pulp matrices has been developed (Sithole, [56]). …”

Section: Infrared Microspectroscopy In the Pulp And Paper-making Indumentioning

confidence: 99%

Infrared Microspectroscopy in the Pulp and Paper-Making Industry

Durán¹,

Angelo²

1998

Applied Spectroscopy Reviews

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“…(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15) However, only a few reports describe dedicated work environment investigations. (18) The primary objective of this study is to describe and evaluate the eld application of a LP-FTIR technique in the saw sheds of sawmills. (18) The primary objective of this study is to describe and evaluate the eld application of a LP-FTIR technique in the saw sheds of sawmills.…”

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confidence: 99%

Assessment of Terpene Levels and Workers Exposure in Sawmills with Long Path FTIR

Svedberg¹

2000

Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene

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This study focuses on the assessment of airbone terpene levels in the saw shed of a sawmill. It describes results and practical aspects concerning the indoor use of a Long Path FTIR measurement technique that was primarily developed for emission monitoring in outdoor applications. The results from FTIR sampling are compared with results from personal adsorbent samples and a point monitoring PID instrument. The Long Path FTIR light path covered the entire length of the saw shed in the mill. This enabled measurement of real-time, path integrated concentrations along the beam path. The four monoterpenes ® -pinene,¯-pinene, D 3 -carene, and limonene were identi ed along with ethanol.Quanti cation was achieved by using a classical least square evaluation software. The limit of detection of the individual terpenes was 1.5 mg/m 3 , or 0.27 ppm. The terpene levels in the sawmill uctuated signi cantly and the average concentrations exceeded the Swedish 8-hour PEL (150 mg/m 3 , 25 ppm). Peak levels were recorded near the Swedish shortterm exposure limit (300 mg/m 3 , 50 ppm). Results from simultaneous sampling with personal adsorbents, analyzed by GC, showed good agreement with the long path FTIR sampling (r = 0.98, n = 7). The FTIR application described is general in nature and offers a stable and convenient form for continuous monitoring over extended periods of times, and the conclusions drawn from this study may well be applied in other similar surveys.

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Measurements of terpene emissions from wood chip piles using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Wood processing as a source of terpene emissions compared to natural sources

Wood processing as a source of terpene emissions compared to natural sources

Infrared Microspectroscopy in the Pulp and Paper-Making Industry

Assessment of Terpene Levels and Workers Exposure in Sawmills with Long Path FTIR

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Measurements of terpene emissions from wood chip piles using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Wood processing as a source of terpene emissions compared to natural sources

Wood processing as a source of terpene emissions compared to natural sources

Infrared Microspectroscopy in the Pulp and Paper-Making Industry

Assessment of Terpene Levels and Workers Exposure in Sawmills with Long Path FTIR

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Assessment of Terpene Levels and Workers Exposure in Sawmills with Long Path FTIR